Pedi exam 2 practice test
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155 Terms
The parents of a special health needs child is displaying an approach behavior when doing which of the following?
Anticipates future problems and seeks guidance and answers
3 multiple choice options
The initial response from a parent when learning of a chronic or complex health condition is shock, which is followed by which response?
Guilt and self-accusation
3 multiple choice options
The nurse observes that a seriously ill child passively accepts all painful procedures. Which would the nurse recognize this child is most likely experiencing?
A belief that procedures are a deserved punishment
3 multiple choice options
The nurse comes into the room of a child who was just diagnosed with a chronic disability, and the child's parents begin to yell at the nurse about a variety of concerns. Which is the nurse's best response?
"Being angry is only natural."
3 multiple choice options
Which is a characteristic of chronic sorrow often experience by parents who have a chronically ill child?
Periods of intensified sorrow and loss that occur in waves over time
3 multiple choice options
Which intervention will encourage a sense of autonomy in a toddler with disabilities?
Encourage independence in as many areas as possible.
3 multiple choice options
The feeling of guilt that the child "caused" the disability or illness is especially critical in which child?
Preschooler
3 multiple choice options
Which is the most appropriate nursing intervention to promote normalization in a school-age child with a chronic illness?
Give the child as much control as possible.
3 multiple choice options
Which nursing intervention would the nurse include to help the siblings of a child with special needs cope?
Suggest to the parents ways of showing gratitude to the siblings who help care for the child with special needs
3 multiple choice options
The parents of a child born with disabilities ask the nurse for advice about discipline. Which information about discipline would the nurse's response include?
It is essential for normal development.
3 multiple choice options
A 16-year-old with a chronic illness has recently become rebellious and is taking risks such as missing doses of his medication. Which is the best explanation for this behavior?
This is part of normal adolescence
3 multiple choice options
At which age do most children have an adult concept of death as being inevitable, universal, and irreversible?
9 to 10 years
3 multiple choice options
A school-age child is diagnosed with a life-threatening illness, and the parents want to protect their child from knowing the seriousness of the illness. Which would the nurse tell the parents?
Terminally ill children know when they are seriously ill.
3 multiple choice options
When considering palliative care for a young child with a life-threatening illness, which is an important consideration?
The family is included in the decision to shift the goals of treatment.
3 multiple choice options
The nurse is talking with the parents of a child who died 6 months ago. They sometimes still "hear" the child's voice and have trouble sleeping. How would the nurse interpret these feelings?
These are normal grief responses.
3 multiple choice options
A nurse is planning palliative care for a child with severe pain. Which would the nurse expect to be prescribed for pain relief?
Opioids on a regular schedule
3 multiple choice options
A young child has an intelligence quotient (IQ) of 45. The nurse would document this finding as
moderate cognitive impairment.
3 multiple choice options
When would children with cognitive impairment be referred for stimulation and educational programs?
As young as possible
3 multiple choice options
Which would be the major consideration when selecting toys for a child who is cognitively impaired?
Safety
3 multiple choice options
Which are appropriate interventions to facilitate socialization of the cognitively impaired child?
Provide peer experiences, such as scouting, when older.
3 multiple choice options
The nurse is discussing sexuality with the parents of an adolescent girl with moderate cognitive impairment. Which would the nurse consider with this topic?
Individuals with cognitive impairment need a well-defined, concrete code of sexual conduct.
3 multiple choice options
Which is the most common congenital anomaly associated with Down Syndrome?
Heart malformation
3 multiple choice options
A new nurse is orienting to the unit and displays an understanding of Fragile X Syndrome when using which descriptor?
The second most common genetic cause of cognitive impairment
3 multiple choice options
Distortion of sound and problems in discrimination are characteristic of which type of hearing loss?
Sensorineural
3 multiple choice options
The nurse recognizes that the most common type of hearing loss resulting from interference of transmission of sound to the middle ear is characteristic of which type of hearing loss?
Conductive
3 multiple choice options
The nurse would suspect a hearing impairment in an infant who demonstrates which behavior?
Absence of babbling by age 7 months
3 multiple choice options
Which is an implanted ear prosthesis for children with sensorineural hearing loss?
Cochlear implant
3 multiple choice options
A nurse is preparing a teaching session for parents on prevention of childhood hearing loss. Which is the most common cause of hearing impairment in children?
Chronic otitis media
3 multiple choice options
The refractive disorder where light rays fall in front of the retina is referred to as
myopia
3 multiple choice options
A father calls the emergency department nurse saying that his daughter's eyes burn after getting some dishwasher detergent in them. The nurse should recommend which action before the child
is transported to the Emergency Department for evaluation?
Irrigate eyes copiously with tap water for 20 minutes.
3 multiple choice options
The mother of a 13-month-old child states, "My child does not make noises like 'da' or 'na' like my sister's baby, who is only 9 months old." Which statement by the nurse would be most
appropriate to make?
"I am going to request a referral to a hearing specialist."
3 multiple choice options
Parents of a child with Down syndrome ask the nurse about techniques for introducing solid food to their 8-month-old child's diet. The nurse would give the parents which priority instruction?
A small but long, straight-handled spoon should be used to push the food toward the back and side of the mouth.
3 multiple choice options
A child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. The nurse would plan which priority intervention when caring for the child?
Maintain a structured routine and keep stimulation to a minimum.
3 multiple choice options
A nurse is caring for three toddlers and one preschooler. Which represents the major stressor of hospitalization for these four patients?
Separation anxiety
3 multiple choice options
Which is the expected reaction from a hospitalized preschool child who is in isolation?
Sees it as a punishment
3 multiple choice options
Which is a common initial reaction of parents to illness or injury and hospitalization of their child?
Helplessness
3 multiple choice options
The clinic nurse overhears school-age siblings tell their 6-year-old sister who is chronically ill, "It isn't fair that you get everything just because you are sick". Which is the nurse's best assessment of this situation?
Jealousy is a common reaction to the illness or hospitalization of a sibling.
3 multiple choice options
Which is an appropriate nursing intervention to minimize separation anxiety in a hospitalized toddler?
Encourage parents to room-in
3 multiple choice options
Four-year-old Brian appears to be upset by hospitalization. Which is an appropriate intervention?
Let him know it is all right to cry.
3 multiple choice options
An 8-year-old is being admitted to the hospital from the emergency department with an injury from falling off her bicycle. Which will help her in her adjustment to the hospital?
Explain hospital schedules to her, such as mealtimes.
3 multiple choice options
A five-year-old patient tells the nurse that she "needs a Band-Aid" where she had an injection. Which is the best nursing action?
Apply a Band-Aid.
3 multiple choice options
The parents of a hospitalized 3-year-old tell the nurse that they are going to buy her "a lot of new toys, because she will be in the hospital." The nurse's reply would be based on an understanding
of which concept?
At this age, children often need the comfort and reassurance of familiar toys from home.
3 multiple choice options
An 18-month-old has just been admitted with croup. His parent is tearful and tells the nurse, "This is all my fault. I should have taken him to the doctor sooner so he wouldn't have to be here." Which is appropriate in the care plan for this parent who is experiencing guilt?
Assist parent to understand this is a typical response to stress.
3 multiple choice options
A 14-year-old boy is being admitted to the hospital for an appendectomy. Which roommate would the nurse assign with this patient?
A 15-year-old boy admitted with a vasoocclusive sickle cell crisis
3 multiple choice options
The nurse is caring for an adolescent who had an external fixator placed after suffering a fracture of the wrist during a bicycle accident. Which statement by the adolescent would be expected
about separation anxiety?
"I hope my friends don't forget about visiting me."
3 multiple choice options
A nurse is preparing to complete an admission assessment on a 2-year-old child who is sitting on the parent's lap. Which technique would the nurse implement to complete the physical exam?
Perform the exam while the child is on the parent's lap.
3 multiple choice options
A school-age child, admitted for intravenous antibiotic therapy for osteomyelitis, reports difficulty in going to sleep at night. Which intervention would the nurse implement to assist the child in going to sleep at bedtime?
Create a schedule similar to the one the child follows at home.
3 multiple choice options
A previously "potty-trained" 30-month-old child has reverted to wearing diapers while hospitalized, and the nurse recognizes this as normal because of which reason?
Is a typical reaction to stress.
3 multiple choice options
A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a 5-year-old child with symptoms of pneumonia and a fever of 102 F. Which intervention can the nurse implement to promote a sense
of control for the child?
Allow the child to hold the digital thermometer while taking the child's blood pressure.
3 multiple choice options
In addition to an increased temperature, which is an early sign of malignant hyperthermia?
Muscle rigidity
3 multiple choice options
Which is an appropriate intervention to encourage food and fluid intake in a hospitalized child?
Give high-quality foods and snacks whenever the child expresses hunger.
3 multiple choice options
A 3-year-old child still has a fever of 102 F associated with a viral illness even after a dose of acetaminophen two hours ago. The nurse's action would be based on which statement?
Fevers such as this are common with viral illnesses.
3 multiple choice options
A critically ill child has hyperthermia. The parents ask the nurse to give an antipyretic such as acetaminophen (Tylenol). Which would the nurse explain about antipyretics?
They are of no value in treating hyperthermia
3 multiple choice options
A 7-year-old who is about to undergo a venipuncture wants her mother to hold her. Which information would the nurse include in her response to the child's request?
It is helpful to relax the child.
3 multiple choice options
Urine testing for specific gravity and glucose are ordered on a 6-month-old infant, and the nurse will prepare for which action?
Apply a urine-collection bag to the perineal area.
3 multiple choice options
Which is an important nursing consideration when performing a bladder catheterization on a 10-year-old boy?
Insert 2% lidocaine lubricant on the meatus.
3 multiple choice options
The Allen test is performed as a precautionary measure before which procedure?
Arterial puncture
3 multiple choice options
Which action is recommended when preparing to do a heel stick on a neonate?
Warm the heel for 3 minutes
3 multiple choice options
When liquid medication is given to a crying 10-month-old infant, which approach minimizes the possibility of aspiration?
Administer the medication with an oral syringe placed along the side of the infant's tongue.
3 multiple choice options
Guidelines for intramuscular administration of medication in school-age children include which action?
Insert needle quickly, using a dart like motion.
3 multiple choice options
Which is considered an advantage of a Hickman-Broviac catheter?
Easy to use for self-administered infusions
3 multiple choice options
When teaching a mother how to administer eye drops, where would the nurse tell her to place them?
In the conjunctival sac that is formed when the lower lid is pulled down
3 multiple choice options
A 2-year-old child comes to the emergency department with dehydration and hypovolemic shock. Which best explains why an intraosseous infusion is started?
Rapid venous access is not possible.
3 multiple choice options
Which would the nurse do when caring for a child with an intravenous infusion?
Observe the insertion site frequently for signs of infiltration.
3 multiple choice options
It is important to make certain that sensory connectors and oximeters are compatible. Which can incompatible wiring cause?
Burns under sensors
3 multiple choice options
The nurse must suction a child with a tracheostomy. Which is the appropriate technique?
Ensure each pass of the suction catheter would take no longer than 5 seconds.
3 multiple choice options
A child is receiving total parenteral nutrition, and at the end of 8 hours, the nurse notes that 200 ml/8 hr is being infused rather than the ordered amount of 300 ml/8 hr. The nurse would adjust
the infusion to which rate during the next 8 hours?
300 ml
3 multiple choice options
In preparing to give "enemas until clear" to a young child, the nurse would select which solution?
Normal saline
3 multiple choice options
Which best describes why toddlers have fewer respiratory tract infections as they grow older?
Repeated exposure to organisms causes increased immunity.
3 multiple choice options
Decongestant nose drops are prescribed for a 10-month-old infant with an upper respiratory tract infection. Instructions for nose drops would include which action?
Avoid using for more than 3 days.
3 multiple choice options
When is it generally recommended that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis return to school?
After taking antibiotics for 24 hours.
3 multiple choice options
Examining the child's throat who has epiglottitis by using a tongue depressor might precipitate which symptom or condition?
Complete obstruction
3 multiple choice options
Which type of croup is always considered a medical emergency?
Epiglottitis
3 multiple choice options
A school-age child had an upper respiratory tract infection for several days and then began having a persistent dry, hacking cough that was worse at night. This is most suggestive of which
diagnosis?
Bronchitis
3 multiple choice options
Which consideration is the most important in managing tuberculosis (TB) in children?
Pharmacotherapy
3 multiple choice options
The mother of a toddler yells to the nurse, "Help! He is choking to death on his food." The nurse determines that lifesaving measures are necessary based on which symptom?
Inability to speak
3 multiple choice options
The nurse is caring for a child with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with sepsis. Which is the priority nursing intervention?
Monitoring pulse oximetry
3 multiple choice options
The nurse is caring for a child with possible carbon monoxide poisoning associated with smoke inhalation. Which treatment is initiated immediately?
Administer 100% humidified oxygen.
3 multiple choice options
In addition to allergens, which other substance or condition has a significant role in the development and expression of asthma?
A viral infection
3 multiple choice options
The inflammation associated with asthma contributes to which of the following?
Heightened airway reactivity.
3 multiple choice options
Which drug is usually given first in the emergency treatment of an acute, severe asthma episode in a young child?
Short-acting 2 agonists
3 multiple choice options
Which statement, made by the nurse, expresses accurately the genetic implications associated with cystic fibrosis?
If it is present in a child, both parents are carriers of this defective gene.
3 multiple choice options
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is suspected in a toddler. Which test aids in establishing this diagnosis?
Sweat chloride test
3 multiple choice options
The Heimlich maneuver is recommended for airway obstruction in children older than _____ year(s).
1
3 multiple choice options
A nurse is interpreting the results of a tuberculin skin test (TST) on an adolescent who is HIV positive. Which induration size indicates a positive result 48 to 72 hours after the test?
5 mm
3 multiple choice options
Pancreatic enzymes are administered to the child with cystic fibrosis (CF). What nursing considerations should be included?
Pancreatic enzymes can be swallowed whole or sprinkled on a small amount of food taken at the beginning of a meal.
3 multiple choice options
Which condition in a child would alert a nurse for increased fluid requirements?
Fever
3 multiple choice options
The term melena suggests bleeding from which area of the gastrointestinal tract?
Upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract
3 multiple choice options
Which type of dehydration is defined as "dehydration that occurs in conditions in which electrolyte and water deficits are present in approximately balanced proportion"?
Isotonic
3 multiple choice options
An infant is brought to the emergency department with dehydration. Which physical assessment finding does the nurse expect?
Poor skin turgor
3 multiple choice options
Which pathogen is the most common cause of diarrhea-associated hospitalization in children?
Rotavirus
3 multiple choice options
A child is admitted with bacterial gastroenteritis. Which lab results of a stool specimen confirm this diagnosis?
Neutrophils
3 multiple choice options
Which therapeutic management treatment is implemented for children with Hirschsprung disease?
Surgical removal of the aganglionic colon
3 multiple choice options
Which clinical manifestation would be suggestive of acute appendicitis?
Abdominal pain that is most intense at McBurney point
3 multiple choice options
When caring for a child with probable appendicitis, the nurse would be alert to recognize that which condition or symptom is a sign of perforation?
Sudden relief from pain
3 multiple choice options
Which statement is most descriptive of Meckel diverticulum?
Bright red rectal bleeding.
3 multiple choice options
A nurse is admitting a child with Crohn disease and the parents ask the nurse, "How is this disease different from ulcerative colitis?" Which statement would the nurse make when answering this question?
"With Crohn disease the inflammatory process can involve any part of the GI tract."
3 multiple choice options
Which is used to treat moderate to severe inflammatory bowel disease?
Corticosteroids
3 multiple choice options
Why are bismuth subsalicylate, clarithromycin, and metronidazole prescribed for a child with a peptic ulcer?
Eradicate Helicobacter pylori
3 multiple choice options
Which is a clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis?
Palpable olive-like mass
3 multiple choice options
