Cell Biology Lecture 1: Cell Size, Type and Cycle

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from the Cell Biology lecture.

Cell

The structural and functional unit of living organisms.

Mitosis

A process of cell division necessary for growth and repair.

Interphase

The phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows and DNA is replicated.

Chromosomes

Structures within cells that contain DNA, with humans having 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs.

Diploid

A cell that has the full complement of chromosomes.

Haploid

A cell that contains half the number of chromosomes.

Epithelial Tissue

A type of tissue made up of epithelial cells that cover body surfaces and line cavities.

Resolving Power

The ability of a microscope to distinguish two close objects as separate.

S Phase

The phase of the cell cycle where DNA is synthesized.

Cytokinesis

The process that follows mitosis, leading to the splitting of the cell into two.

Microscope

An instrument used to view small objects, with types including light microscopes and electron microscopes.

Size Scale

The measurement ranges of cellular components, such as micrometre and nanometre.

Cell Diversity

The variety of cell types determined by gene expression and protein function.

Super-resolution microscopy

A type of microscopy that allows for higher resolution imaging down to 20 nm.

Cell Cycle

The series of stages that cells go through as they grow and divide.

Pulmonary Ionocyte

A newly discovered lung cell type that plays a role in cystic fibrosis.