unit 1 ; renaissance & exploration

feudalism

serfdom (land traded for loyalty & protection)

christian humanists

believed education & faith could fix the church

secularism

focused on things other than religon (not that they couldnt be religious)

100 years war

war bc edward iii of england wanted to be king of france (basically js a war between france nd england to bc they both wanted france)

erasmus

guy who thought the church could be fixed w/o insane measures like martin luther (he was a christian humanist)

martin luther

hated indulgences, wanted to focus on the bible and wanted to fix the church, created lutheranism

lutheranism

created by martin luther bc he thought the church was corrupt, lutheranism is that faith gets u into heaven, not indulgences, and that the bible is the real authority and everyone should be able to read it

calvinism

branch of christianity started by john calvin, predestination, strict christianity focused on living a disciplined life

protestanism

christians (like martin luther and john calvin) who broke away from the catholic church bc they were stingy to start new churches based on the bible

civic humanism

belief that using ur smarts and education for the society is good

absolutism

all power should be held by 1 person

mercantilism

belief that gold and silver makes a country rich

anglicanism

when hungry henry broke away from the church bc the church wouldnt let him get a divorce so he made his own church and named it the anglican church (had some protestant idea innit tho)

holy roman empire

important messy group of little states in central europe that were supposed to be ruled by 1 emperor but wasnt

new monarchs

monarchs that took power from the nobility & the church to make themselves powerful and their country more united

absolute monarch

monarchs who held all the power and controlled everything (example king louis xiv aka the sun king and peter the great)

st bartholomew day massacre

catherine de medici ordered the killing of huguenos in 1572 deepening religious conflict in france

edict of nantes

gave huguenots the freedom to worship and live peacefully in catholic france, ending years of religiou war

peace of augsburg

treaty that gave princes the permission to be catholic or lutheran(1555)