Electrolytes and Fluid Balance

Flashcards reviewing key concepts about electrolytes, fluid balance, and related conditions.

Diuretic

Medication ordered for over hydration

80 to 100

Normal arterial oxygen level

7.35 to 7.45

Normal pH

Go down

Effect of calcitonin on calcium levels

135 to 145 mEq/L

Normal sodium level

98 to 108 mEq/L

Normal chloride level

3.5 to 5 mEq/L

Normal potassium level

8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL

Normal calcium level

1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L

Normal magnesium level

2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL

Normal phosphorus level

Sodium and Chloride

Electrolytes that go everywhere together

Calcium and Magnesium

Electrolytes that tend to follow each other.

Calcium and phosphorus

Electrolytes that are administerd to patients to drive the others level down.

Hyponatremia

Low sodium level

Aldosterone

Causes sodium and water retention.

Hypovolemia

Low sodium causes this fluid imbalance.

Overhydration

Excess of water.

Diuretics

Medications used to pull extra fluids off

Sodium

Chloride works with this electrolyte

Electricity

Primary function of potassium

Tissue damage such as burns or acidosis

Cause potassium to leave the cell.

Confused, Lethargic, diminished level of consciousness

Hypokalemia symptoms

K Exalate, Mukelma & calcium or sodium zirconium cyclosilicate

Medication that causes diarrhea, they bond and pull the extra potassium out.

Calcium Level

The thyroid will ring this up.

Tetany

Severe depletion will cause this.

Schvostek sign

Neuromuscular irritability causes this sign.

Trusoe sign

Neuromuscular irritability works more on the blood pressure cuff

Parathyroid

The hormone that as probably been released and pulling calcium out of the bones.

Risk of kidney stones, Constipation & High heart rate and blood pressure

Symptoms of hypercalcemia

Give a diuretic

Facilitate exit of calcium through the urinary system

Phosphorus

Give this electrolyte to them to drive that calcium back.

Calcium

Functions in bone formation, nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction and is needed for blood coagulation and vitamin B12 absorption.

Hypomagnesemia

Cause High heart rate and blood pressure and a GI symptom of Constipation

Hypermagnesium

A level above 2.5 of Magnesium is known as.