The Protestant Reformation and Martin Luther

Flashcards about The Protestant Reformation and Martin Luther

What event is considered the start of the Protestant Reformation?

Martin Luther posting his 95 Theses in 1517.

Name three major grievances that led to the Protestant Reformation.

Indulgences, simony, and lack of access to the Bible in vernacular languages.

Name three Protestant denominations that emerged as a result of the Reformation.

Lutheranism, Calvinism, and Anglicanism.

What is 'justification by faith alone' and which denomination promoted the idea?

Salvation is given directly through God, not through the church. Proposed by Martin Luther and became a central tenet of Lutheranism.

Who was the Pope who excommunicated Martin Luther?

Pope Leo X

Who was John Calvin and what idea did he promote?

John Calvin was a reformer who promoted the idea of predestination.

Why did King Henry VIII create the Church of England?

Because the Pope refused to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon.

Who was Ignatius Loyola and what did he believe leads to salvation?

Ignatius Loyola was the founder of the Jesuits, and he believed that prayer and good works leads to salvation

What are the biographical basics of Martin Luther?

Born November 10, 1483, in Eisleben, Germany; son of a copper miner; lived mostly in Wittenberg, Saxony; died February 18, 1546, in Eisleben.

What was the Diet of Worms?

An assembly of the Holy Roman Empire where Luther refused to recant his writings.

What is 'Sola scriptura'?

The belief that the Bible should be the ultimate religious authority.

What is 'Sola fide'?

The belief in justification by faith alone.

In what castle did Martin Luther hide and translate the New Testament?

Wartburg Castle

What is Martin Luther known for writing?

A Mighty Fortress Is Our God

Why was Luther against indulgences?

Luther believed that Christians are saved through faith and not through their own efforts, so a purchased pardon was not appropriate.

Who was Katharina von Bora?

A former nun who married Martin Luther, with whom he had six children.

What impact did the printing press have on the Reformation?

It allowed Luther's ideas to spread quickly throughout Europe.