Cyber Crime (Chapters 15)

Hackers

Infiltrate or intrude into a network or computer

Computer Storage

Illegal movies, credit card info, kid porn, financial records

Cyber Crime

Illegal activity that occurs through the internet

Cyber Crimes

Crime where someone has special knowledge of Cyber space and is ever changing

Business E-Mail Compromise (BEC)

Exploit the fact that so many of us rely on e-mail to conduct business and it’s one of the most financially damaging online crimes

Identity theft

When someone steals your personal information, like your Social
Security number, and uses it to commit theft or fraud

Ransomware

A type of malicious software, or malware, that prevents you from accessing
your computer files, systems, or networks and demands you pay a ransom for their return

Spoofing

When someone disguises an email address, sender name, phone number, or website URL to convince you that you are interacting with a trusted source

Phishing

Use spoofing techniques to lure you in and get you to take the bait. These scams are designed to trick you into giving information to criminals that they shouldn’t have access to

Vishing Scams

Happen over the phone, voice email, or VoIP (voice over Internet Protocol) calls

Smishing Scams

Happen through SMS (text) messages

Pharming Scams

Happen when malicious code is installed on your computer to redirect you to fake websites

Online Predators

A growing threat to young people

Advance Fee Schemes

Occurs when the victim pays money to someone in anticipation of receiving something of greater value and then receives little or nothing in return

Charity and Disaster Fraud

Seek donations for organizations that do little or no work. While these scams can happen at any time, they are especially prevalent after high-profile disasters

Nigerian Letter or “419” Fraud

Combine the threat of impersonation fraud with a variation of an advance fee
scheme in which a letter mailed, or e-mailed, from Nigeria offers the recipient the “opportunity” to share in a percentage of millions of dollars that the author is
trying to transfer illegally out of Nigeria

Romance Scams

Occur when a criminal adopts a fake online identity to gain a victim’s affection and
trust. The scammer then uses the illusion of a romantic or close relationship to manipulate and/or steal from the victim

Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA)

It prohibits various computer-related conduct, including unauthorized access to protected computers

Computer Crime

Any illegal act for which knowledge of computer technology is used to commit the offense

Cyberbullying

Is similar to physical bullying but used technology for its bullying

Cyberstalking

The stalking or harassment of a person through the use of electronics

Federal Identity Theft Act

Makes it illegal to use or transfer another person's identification without authorization

Intellectual Property Theft

The unauthorized use, exploitation, or theft of creative works, ideas, trade secrets, and other proprietary information

Internet

An electronic communications network that connects computer networks and organizational computer facilities around the world

Scam

A deceptive scheme or trick used to cheat someone out of something

Data Diddling

Changing data before or during their entry into the computer

Trojan Horse

The covert placement of computer instructions into a computer program so that the computer will perform unauthorized functions while fulfilling its intended purpose

Salami Technique

An automatic means of stealing small amounts of assets from a large number of sources

Super Zapping

A utility program bypasses all controls in order to modify or disclose any of the contents of the computer

Trapdoors

An avenue into a computer program known only to one or a few person(s)

Logic Bomb

A computer program routine that, when executed, usually causes malicious acts to occur, such as erasing a file (or files) or causing the entire system to crash

Asynchronous Attack

Can override the priority basis and assign too much or too little of the computer’s resources to a particular job

Scavenging

A knowledgeable user searches the computer and its peripherals

Data Leakage

Techniques employed to remove data or copies of data from computer

Piggybacking and Impersonation

Physically or electronically gaining access to areas or data by following or posing as an authorized user

Wiretapping

Electronically tapping a computer facility or transmission wires going into and out of such a facility to obtain copies of data

Stimulation and Modeling

Using the computer’s capability to supply information to the perpetrator of a planned crime

Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3)

Aids law enforcement in the various aspects of Internet fraud complaints

Computer Forensics

A component of forensic science which has a focus on obtaining legal evidence from computers and electronic devices