Henry VII's Foreign Policy

What was Henry Tudor's position after winning at Bosworth in 1485?

His position was weak due to a tenuous claim and threats from Yorkist claimants.

What was the primary aim of Henry VII's early foreign policy?

To secure legitimacy, recognition, and prevent foreign interference.

What truce did Henry VII sign with France in 1485?

A one-year truce.

What was the significance of Henry VII's marriage to Elizabeth of York?

It united the rival houses of York and Lancaster, strengthening his position.

Who was the main supporter of Yorkist claimants against Henry VII?

Margaret of Burgundy.

What event in 1487 threatened Henry VII's rule?

Lambert Simnel was crowned 'Edward VI' in Ireland with support from Margaret of Burgundy.

What was the outcome of the Battle of Stoke Field?

Henry VII defeated Lambert Simnel, but it highlighted the threat of foreign intervention.

What crisis tested Henry VII's diplomacy between 1488 and 1491?

The Brittany Crisis.

What was the Treaty of Redon (1489)?

A treaty where Henry promised 6,000 troops to support Brittany against French annexation.

What was the Treaty of Medina del Campo (1489)?

An agreement with Spain for mutual defense against France and a marriage alliance.

What was the outcome of Henry's invasion of France in 1492?

He secured the Treaty of Étaples, gaining compensation and stopping French support for Perkin Warbeck.

What was the significance of the Treaty of Étaples?

It allowed Henry to appear strong without a costly war and gained him international respect.

What alliance did Henry VII seek with Spain in 1489?

An alliance for recognition and protection against France.

What was the impact of Arthur's death in 1502 on Henry's diplomatic plans?

It threatened the alliance with Spain and led to proposals for Prince Henry to marry Catherine of Aragon.

How did Henry VII respond to the threat from Burgundy?

He imposed a trade embargo on Burgundy to counter Yorkist support.

What was the Intercursus Magnus (1496)?

A treaty that restored trade with the Low Countries and ended support for Warbeck.

What was the significance of the Truce of Ayton (1497)?

It marked the first peace between England and Scotland since 1328.

What was Poynings' Law (1494)?

A law stating that the Irish parliament could not pass laws without English approval.

What was the outcome of Henry's approach to Ireland?

He achieved stability through conciliation rather than conquest.

What was the Treaty of Windsor (1506)?

An agreement that secured the return of Yorkist exile Edmund de la Pole and granted favorable trade rights.

What was the effect of Philip of Burgundy's death in 1506 on Henry VII?

It led to Henry's diplomatic isolation as Spain and the Empire sidelined him.

What was the overall achievement of Henry VII by the end of his reign?

England was secure, wealthy, and respected, a significant improvement from 1485.