astronomers and stuff

Aristotle

Greek geocentrist who used planets on epicycles mounted on crystalline spheres centered on the Earth

Ptolemy

Egyptian geocentrist who modified the Aristotelian view by nudging the Earth slightly from the crystalline spheres

Copernicus

Polish heliocentrist whose work placing the sun at the center of the universe was only published after his death

Tycho Brahe

Danish geocentrist who asserted the Sun oribted the Earth with the other planets orbiting the Sun

Galileo

Italian heliocentrist who observed Jupiter’s four largest moons and the phases of Venus through a telescope

Kepler

German heliocentrist who devised 3 laws of planetary motion now known as Kepler’s laws

Newton

English heliocentrist who invented calculus, devised three laws of motion, derived the law of universal gravitation, made advances in optics, and invented the reflecting telescope

Hubble

heliocentrist who discovered cepheid variable stars in the andromeda galaxy, categorized galaxies, and came up with Hubble’s Law