Reconstructive Memory (and Reliability)

Who proposed reconstructive memory?

Frederic Bartlett

What is reconstructive memory?

a theory stating that remembering is not an exact replica of stored information or experiences, but rather an active process of reconstructing events using fragments of past experience, general knowledge, expectations, and schemas.

What psychologist supports Bartlett’s Idea of reconstructive memory?

• Elizabeth Loftus

• leading questions and post-event information facilitate schema processing which may influence the accuracy of recall.

What is the misinformation effect?

a memory phenomenon where exposure to misleading information (e.g. leading questions or post event information) can alter, or even create, false memories of that event.

What are leading questions? 

questions that either by form or content suggest to a witness which answer is desired.