Fungal Diversity

Heterotrophic

Fungi (feeding)

Chitin and glucans

Fungal cell wall materials (2)

Yeast

Unicellular fungi

Hyphae

Multicellular fungal bodies are composed of elongated cells

Mycelium

The large network of hyphae that grow in a large mass

Chytridiomycota

Flagellated fungi, water molds

Zygomycota

Many species of bread and fruit molds

Glomeromycota

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungo

Ascomycota

Ascomycetes; cup fungi

Basidiomycota

Basidiomycetes; club fungi

Ascomycota and Basidiomycota

Which two groups are dikaryotic hyphae?

Chytridiomycota

Produces zoospores

Zygomycota

Conjugating gametangia, leading to the production of zygosporangia and ultimately zygospores

Coenocytic

Zygomycota (septate or coenocytic)

Glomeromycota

Form arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) associations intracellularly within the vast majority of herbaceous plants and tropical trees

Ascomycota

Produce nonmotile spores (ascospores)

Ascocarp

Multicellular reproductive structure (fruiting body)

Ascomycota

Many of these are single celled yeast with no mycelium and no fruiting body

Ascomycota

Most of the fungi that partner with algae or cyanobacteria to form lichen

Basidium

A single celled structure on which basidiospores for by meiosis

Mycorrhizae

Ecological mutualists involving fungi and plant roots

Thallus

A vegetative structure formed by lichen

Foliose, Crustose, and Fruticose

Three growth forms of lichen

Foliose

• Two easily distinguishable sides and are obviously three-dimensional

• The thallus is clearly connected to the substrate but may appear to separate in multiple locations

Crustose

Two-dimensional and firmly attached to their substrate by the entire lower surface of the thallus. They appear like a crust

Fruticose

Foliose lichens are pendulous or erect and obviously three-dimensional

Zygomycota

Rhizopus stolonifer

Zygomycota

What group is sporangia a part of?

Glomeromycota

Ectomycorrhizae

Glomeromycota

Arbuscular mycohizae (endomycorrhizae)

Ascomycota

Penecillium

Penecillium

Conidiophores and Conidia

Ascomycota

Morchella sp.

Ascomycota

Peziza sp.

Morchella sp. and Peziza sp.

Ascocarp, asci, spores, hymenium

Basidiomycota

Coprinus

Cap (pileus), stem (stipe), gills

Parts of a basidiomycota

Lichen

Physcia thallus

Rhizopus sp. (Zygomycota)

Penecillium conidiophores

Morchella (Ascomycota)

100x

Morchella (Ascomycota)

400x

Peziza

100x

Peziza

400x

Coprinus (Basidiomycota)

Coprinus (Basidiomycota)

Basidiospores

Shelf Fungus

Satanic Bolete

Ectomycorrhizae

Endomycorrhizae (AMF)

PhysciaThallus (Lichen)

Lichen

Lichen