ANIMAL SCIENCE EXAM 2

Roughly how many different breeds of sheep are there in the world?

200

which of the following produces no digestive enzymes?

rumen, reticulum, omasum

Which of the following accomplish microbial breakdown?

rumen, reticulum, omasum

The most critical aspect for an operation to be successful is:

reproductive management

genus species for sheep

Ovis aries

genus species for goat

Capre hires

The primary dam or ewe breed of sheep raised in the US is:

rambouillet

what is the leading sire breed of sheep?

sulffolk

sheep industry

only 2/10 of 1% of USA revenue

sheep, lambs, and wools is approx how much $?

$580 million

what are the three main areas of the goat industry?

dairy, meat, and fibers

how many farms and ranches for sheep?

roughly 81,000

how many goat operations are in the us?

roughly 136,000

since 2009, ___% increase in the dairy operation for goats

57%

between 2002-2007, ___% increase in the goat meat industry

58%

how many sheep and goats eat as much as a cow?

5 sheep and 7 goats

how many head of sheep and goats are in the us?

1.1 Billion sheep and 880 Million goats

how much is a range for sheep?

OVER 500 head (can be used with federally released land)

how much is a farm operation for sheep?

UNDER 500 head

what state leads in US sheep # and amount of operations?

texas

what is the primary breed of sheep?

rambouilet

are there and range operations for goats?

no range operations

what state has the largest meat goat operation?

texas

what is the processing weight for kids?

40-60lbs

where is most farm flock operations concentrated?

Midwest and Eastern states

what is the # of ewes per farm flock?

30-40

flocks under ___ head make up how much of US operations?

100: 94%

at what weight do sheep arrive to feedlots?

60-100lbs

what is the market weight for sheep

130-150lbs

what is a operation called that maintains purebreed herds?

seedstock

what are most commercial producers operating as?

crossbreed herds

where do terminal breeding offspring go?

slaughter/sale

where do rotational offspring go?

serve as internal replacements for the group

what group assists breeders for genetic decisions in sheep operations?

NISP (national sheep improvement program)

what recognizes 60 breeds of sheep in the US?

ASIA (american sheep industry association)

wool

merino, rambouillet, leicester

dual sheep

dorset, columbia

dam/ewe

rambouillet, katahdin

sire/ram

suffolk, hampshire

hair

katahdin, dorper

dairy

saanen, alpine, nubian

dual goats

nubian, kinder, nigerian dwarf

meat

south african boer, kalahari red

fiber

turkish angora, asian cashmere

mature female sheep

ewe

mature female goat

doe

mature intact male sheep

ram

mature intact male goat

buck

castrated male goat/sheep

wether

young sheep

lamb

young goat

kid

what type of cycle includes sheep an goats?

polyestrus

estrus

the recurring period when the animal is sexually receptive

estrous

period from one estrus to the next

ewes estrus

24-36 hours

ewes estrous

16-17 days

ewes gestation

144-152 days

does estrus

1-2 days

does estrous

21 days

does gestation

150 days

what is the intake amount of feed for a female before breeding?

flushing

what creates a balance of temperature and foraging?

health management and nutrition

what do ruminants use for energy?

cellulose

what digestive parasite can cause bottle jaw?

nematodes

what causes orf or sore mouth (skin disease that is world wide and zoonotic)

contagious ecthyma

what causes a bacterial infection of absesses?

caseous lymphadentis

what causes scrapie in offspring?

transmissible spongiform encepalopathy

what can occur during the last weeks of pregnancy for ewes with twins or triplets?

pregnancy toxemia

what bacterial infections can cause spontaneous abortions during the middle days of pregnancy?

brucellosis, toxoplasmosis, lepto, hypocalcemia