Philosophy of Religion Exam 2 quizzes

Quizzes 5-8

According to J.L. Mackie, the following four claims constitute an inconsistent set.  Which of the four is, according to J.L. Mackie, the only plausible candidate for rejection?

There exists an omni-natured creator of the universe

An inductive/evidential version of the problem of evil attempts to show that

the evil in the universe renders God’s non-existence more likely than God’s existence.

An inscrutable evil is

 

an evil which is such that human beings can identify no plausible justification God might have for allowing it.

If J.L. Mackie were to reformulate his logical version of the problem of evil in terms of natural evil, Alvin Plantinga would respond by appealing to the logical possibility of

demons

Which of the following is an example of a moral evil?

 

Knowingly slandering a business competitor in order to increase one's profit.

A version of atheism that holds that some theists are rationally justified in believing that the theistic God exists is what William Rowe calls

 

friendly atheism.

According to William Alston, an inductive inference to a negative existential conclusion

 

is only justified if it is based on at least a moderately thorough search.

An inductive/evidential version of the problem of evil attempts to show that

 

the evil in the universe renders God’s non-existence more likely than God’s existence.

An inscrutable evil is

 

an evil which is such that human beings can identify no plausible justification God might have for allowing it.

Which of the following, according to Michael Tooley, is the best explanation for the fact that human beings have not built upon the accumulated wisdom of previous generations in such a way that the progress of moral theory has modeled that of scientific theory.

Human beings already know all the fundamental values there are to know.

Which of the following is not one of the examples Jordan gives of a possible conflict between self-interest and moral obligation?

 

a person who can get away with cheating on a final exam in a class needed for their college degree, and the degree is necessary for them to start a lucrative job.

Cerro Torre is

 

a mountain in Patagonia.

The branch of ethics that studies the foundations of moral reasoning is known as

metaethics

Which of the following interpretations of the dependency thesis--that morality depends on God--does Matthew Jordan accept?

 

Moral facts do not exist unless God also exists.

Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of a moral reason according to Matthew Jordan?

 

being the product of mere human conventions.

*The Belmont Report

 

specified guidelines for the ethical treatment of human subjects in research.

Aristotle's notion of eudaemonia is typically translated as

 

happiness or fulfillment.

Kant's categorical imperative requires

 

that any being with reason and will must be treated as an end and never merely as a means.

Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of religious extremism identified in the PowerPoint lecture?

 

It promotes works of charity.

Who wrote that the real goal of extremist religious leaders was "to safeguard their false positions which they have earned without merit, simply for the sake of high office and trafficking with religion”? 

 

Al-Kindi.