RIZAL AS POLITICAL PHILOSOPHER

Max Weber

He defines government as the rise of an institution which has a “monopoly of the legitimate use of physical power.

Rizal’s definition of government and politics focused on the ________________.

Spanish influences

Corruption of the bureaucracy.

One of Rizal’s strongest criticisms of Spaniards colonialization

In describing a typical Spanish bureaucrat, Rizal wrote:

“In order to govern peoples he does not know or understand, he ought to possess the talent of a genius and extraordinary knowledge.

Rizal's Definition of Basic Political Terms 

1. Political Culture

2. Political Socialization

3. Political Ideology

4. Nationalism

5. Representative Government

6. Democracy

Political Culture

is a set of ideas on values about government and political process held by a community or nation.

Rizal on Political Culture

In his essay "The Indolence of the Filipinos" Rizal observed that "without education and liberty...no reform is possible." Rizal explained that, the political culture not thrive in the Philippines because of the inability of recognize local political values. Only with education could Filipinos overcome this deficiency.

Political Socialization

is one of the main elements of political science. Also defined as the process by which people, at various stages in their lives, acquire views and orientations about politics. 

Rizal on Political Socialization

By emphasizing the importance of being a Filipino, Rizal accelerated the process of local nationalism. His criticism of the friars and the church helped to change attitudes toward local nationalism.

Political Ideology

is a comprehensive and logically ordered set of beliefs about the nature of people and about the institutions and role of government. 

Nationalism

is the idea of oneness by a group of people who possess common traditions, a shared history, a set of goals, and a belief in a specific future.

Rizal on Nationalism

Rizal argued that Filipinos could only foster their own sense of nationalism by studying history. Rizal wrote to Blumentritt: "I would stimulate these Philippine studies." BRYSTE and concluded that history provided "the true concept of one's self and drove nations to do great things." Foremost is that he is the dominant national hero who, unlike all other heroes, had a firm vision of the future of the Philippines. He glorifies life in the Philippines. Onofre D. Corpuz concludes that Rizal's life suggest he is the "father of the country". 

Representative Government

it is the notion that the people have an inherent right to sit in a chamber that determines their future.

Rizal on Representative Government

Spain had granted Filipinos representation in the Spanish Cortes from May 1809 until the privilege was removed by Queen Maria Cristina in 1836. Rizal believed that the representation was essential to the governing process. Rizal contented the representation removed the spirit of revolution.

Democracy

a government in which all power is shared by citizens.

demos

word derived from a Greek word which means people

Rizal on Democracy

In Rizal’s view, the best government was a mixture between representative democracy and responsible model of democracy. He believed that it would take some time for Filipinos to actively participate in local government. The definition of democracy is found in Rizal's mind. He employed such definition in his writings, his public speeches, and his advocacy of Philippine democracy.

RIZAL AS AN ILLUSTRADO 

Rizal was known as an illustrado or enlightened one. The name illustrado was attached to the young men who came of age in the 1980s and opposed the repressive policies of the Spanish government and church. The illustrados were not only anti-friar, but they also criticized Spanish government officials for failing to provide adequate services