Computer Architecture & Organization - Chapter 2

These flashcards cover key concepts in Computer Architecture related to number systems, data representation, and conversions.

Number System

A system for representing numbers in different bases such as decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal.

Binary System

A number system that uses only two digits, 0 and 1, and is the base-2 representation of numbers.

Hexadecimal System

A base-16 number system that uses sixteen distinct symbols: 0-9 and A-F.

Two’s Complement

A method for representing signed integers in binary, where negative numbers are represented by the complement of the positive value, plus one.

Overflow

An error condition that occurs when a calculation results in a number that exceeds the maximum limit of the number representation system.

ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interchange, a character encoding standard for electronic communication that uses 7-bit binary codes.

Unicode

A universal character encoding standard that enables the representation of text from all writing systems, using at least 16 bits.

Floating Point Representation

A method of representing real numbers that can support a wide range of values by using a formula with a sign, significand, and exponent.

Signed Notation

A representation of both positive and negative integers where the left-most bit indicates the sign of the number.

Radix

Another term for the base of a number system, indicating the number of unique digits, including zero, used to represent numbers.