Constitutional Clauses

Necessary and Proper Clause

“Elastic Clause”

language in Article 1, Section 8, granting Congress the powers neccessary to carry out its enumerated powers.

-Article 1, Section 8

McCulluch v. Maryland

The Supremacy Clause

constitutional provision declaring that the constitution and all national laws & treaties are the supreme of law of the land.

- Article 6
-Marbury v Madison
-McCulluch v Maryland

-Mcdonald v Chicago

The Commerce Clause

grants congress the authority to regulate interstate business & commercial activty.
-Article 1
- US v Lopez

Free Exercise Clause

1st amendment protection of the rights of individuals to exercise

Establishment Clause

1st amendment protection against the gov requiring citizens to join or support a religion,

- Amendment 1
- Engel V Vitale

Equal Protection Clause

a clause of the 14th amendment that requires the states to treat all citizens alike with regard to application of the laws.

- 14 amendment
- Mcdonald V Chicago

-Gideon v Wainwright
- Brown v Border of Education
- Shaw v Reno

-Baker V Carr

Due Process Clause

clause in the 14th amendment that restricts state gov’s from denying their citizens their life, liberty, or property w/o legal safeguards.

- 14th amendment

• 15th Amendment

Bill of Attainder Clause

When the legislature declares someone guilty without a trial

- ARTICLE 1

Ex Post Facto Clause

Punishing people for acts that were not crimes at the time they were committed.

- ARTICLE 1