Lab 13: The Digestive System

ingestion

entrance of materials from the mouth into the digestive tract

mechanical processing

breaking down of materials physically by chewing or churning

digestion

chemical breakdown of foods into fragments small enough for absorption

secretion

release of water, enzymes, acids, buffers, and salts into the digestive tract via digestive tract epithelium or glandular organs

absorption

passage of organic substrates, vitamins, electrolytes, and water into the interstitial fluid of the digestive tract across digestive epithelium

excretion

elimination of wastes from the body fluids

mastication

Chewing --> Process which food is crushed and ground by the teeth

tongue

gingivae

hard palate

soft palate

uvula

parotid salivary glands

parotid ducts

palatine tonsils

sublingual salivary glands

submandibular salivary glands

submandibular duct

crown of tooth

name this region

neck of tooth

name this region

root of tooth

name this region

root canal

apical foramen

Name this opening

enamel

Name this layer

E

dentin

Name this layer

pulp cavity

name this space

periodontal ligament

cementum

incisors

8

cuspids

4

bicuspids (premolars)

8

Molars

12

esophagus

lower esophageal sphincter

lesser curvature

greater curvature

cardia of the stomach

Name this region

fundus of the stomach

Name this slide

body of the stomach

Name this region

pylorus of the stomach

Name this region

pyloric sphincter

Name this structure

rugae of the stomach

Name this structure

"grooves" lining the stomach

duodenum

jejunum

ileum

mucosa of the stomach

Name this layer

mucosa of the small intestine

Name this layer

mucosal epithelium

Name this LAYER

bumpy surface

goblet cells

Name this structure

- Blue dots

lamina propria

the background colors

- tan and orange in the models

muscularis mucosae of the stomach

Muscularis mucosae of the small intestine

intestinal crypt

-The indent that goes in under the cones

submucosa of the stomach

Name this layer

submucosa of the small intestine

Name this layer

muscularis externa of stomach

Name this layer

muscularis externa of the small intestine

Name this layer

circular muscle layer of the stomach

circular muscle of the small intestine

longitudinal muscle layer of the stomach

longitudinal muscle layer of the small intestine

serosa of the stomach

Name this layer

serosa of the small intestine

Name this layer

gastric pit

gastric gland

oblique muscle layer

intestinal villi

Name this structure

lacteal

capillary network

Name this structure

ileocecal valve

cecum

appendix

ascending colon

right colic flexure

Name this curvature (or turn)

transverse colon

left colic flexure

Name this curvature (or turn)

descending colon

sigmoid flexure

Name this curvature (or turn)

sigmoid colon

name this region

haustra

Name this structure

- the out-pocketing of the large intestine

taeniae coli

Name this structure

- a tiny layer of muscle

rectum

name this region

anus

name this opening

internal anal sphincter

pink

external anal sphincter

yellow

right lobe of liver

quadrate lobe

caudate lobe

left lobe of liver

common hepatic duct

pink dots

gallbladder

cystic duct

orange dots

common bile duct

black circle

parietal peritoneum

visceral peritoneum

mesentary proper

Connects to the back and has a yellow color-- holds the small intestine together

falciform ligament

goes from top, around and to the bottom

- anchors the liver to the diaphragm

round ligamnet

lesser omentum

Anchors the liver to the stomach

greater omentum