The Cultural Landscape Chapter 2: Population (copy)

Malaria

________ was nearly eradicated in the mid- twentieth century by spraying DDT in areas infested with the mosquito that carries a parasite.

Tuberculosis

________ (TB) is an example of an infectious disease that has been largely controlled and remains a major cause of death in LDCs.

Bangladesh

________ is an example of a country that has had little improvement in the wealth and literacy of its people, but 56 percent of the women in the country used contraceptives in 2009 compared to 6 percent three decades earlier.

Infectious disease microbes

________ have continuously evolved in response to environmental pressures by developing resistance to drugs and insecticides.

pandemic

A(n) ________ is a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects an exceptionally high proportion of the population.

1

The worldwide population increased rapidly during the second half of the twentieth century because few countries were in the two stages of demographic transition that have low population growth- no country remains in stage ________, and few have reached stage 4.

ZPG

________ may occur when the CBR is still slightly higher than the CDR, because some females die before reaching childbearing years, and the number of females in their childbearing years can vary.

Marxist theorist Friedrich Engels

________ (1820- 1895) dismissed Malthuss arithmetic as an artifact of capitalism.

Cape Verde

________, a collection of ten small islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of West Africa, moved from stage 1 to stage 2 in about 1950.

arithmetic densities

Comparing physiological and ________ help geographers to understand the capacity of the land to yield enough food for the needs of the people.

Chile

________ has changed from a predomi­nantly rural society based on agriculture to an urban society in which most people now work in factories, offices, and shops.

China

________ is the worlds fourth- largest country in land area.

Mathuss theory

________ has been severely criticized from a variety of perspectives.

Sri Lanka

________: CDR was reduced by nearly one- half in a single year with no change in the countrys s economy or culture.

Southeast Asia

Around 600 million people live in ________, mostly on a series of islands that lie between the Indian and Pacific oceans.

Geographic methods

________ played a key role in understanding the cause of cholera during the early nineteenth century.

medical revolution

The late- twentieth- century push of countries into stage 2 was caused by the ________.

TFR

The ________ is the average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years (roughly 15 through 49)

MDCs

________ have lower agricultural densities because technology and finance allow a few people to farm extensive land areas and feed many people.

Agricultural density

________ is the ratio of the number of farmers to the amount of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture.

English economist Thomas Malthus

________ (1766- 1834) was one of the first to argue that the worlds rate of population increase was far outrunning the development of food supplies.

Arithmetic density

________ enables geographers to compare the number of people trying to live on a given piece of land in different regions of the world.

Natural increase rate

________ (NIR) is the percentage by which a population grows in a year.

World food production

________ has consistently grown at a faster rate than the NIR since 1950.

Precipitation

________ may be concentrated at specific times of the year or spread throughout the year.

TB

________ was one of the principal causes of death among the urban poor in the nineteenth century during the Industrial Revolution.

population growth

Poverty, hunger, and other social welfare problems associated with lack of economic development are a result of unjust social and economic institutions, not ________.

epidemiological transition

Stage 3 of the ________, is the stage of degenerative increase in deaths from infectious diseases and an increase in chronic disorders associated with aging.

Physiological density

________ provides insights into the relationship between the size of a population and the availability of resources in a region.

Life expectancy

________ at birth measures the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live at current mortality levels.

Deserts

________ generally lack sufficient water to grow crops that could feed a large population, although some people survive thereby raising animals, such as camels, that are adapted to the climate.

age structure of a population

The ________ is extremely important in understanding similarities and differences among countries.

Julian Simon

________ argued that population growth stimulated economic growth.

Stage 1

Low Growth

Stage 2

High Growth

Stage 3

Moderate Growth

Stage 4

Low Growth