APUSH Chapter 15 Vocab

10% Plan

confederate states could return to the union as soon as 10% of its voters took a loyalty oath and the state approved the 13th amendment.

Wade-Davis Bill

required an oath of allegiance by a majority of each state’s white men, new governments by people who were never against the union, and permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders.

Black Codes

designed to force former states back into plantation labor

Freedmen’s Bureau

established by congress to aid displaced blacks and other refugees

Civil Rights Act of 1866

declared former slaves to be citizens and granted equal protection and rights of contract with full access to courts

14th Amendment

all people born or naturalized in the US are citizens

Reconstruction Act of 1867

divided the South into 5 military districts under the command of a US general

15th Amendment

protected male citizens’ right to vote no matter what

American Woman Suffrage Association

organization who wanted women’s suffrage and remained loyal to the Republicans in hopes of this

National Woman Suffrage Association

group led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B Anthony focused on women’s rights and wanted a federal suffrage amendment

Minor v. Happersett

Supreme Court decision that ruled that suffrage rights weren’t inherent in citizenship

Sharecropping

freedmen work as renters, exchanging labor for land, house, implements, and seed & fertilizer

Union League

black and white republicans joined forces in a secret fraternal order

Scalawags

ancient scots irish term for worthless animals used by Ex-Confederates to describe Southern White Republicans

Carpetbaggers

self seeking interlopers who carried all their property in cheap suitcases (carpetbags). Used by Ex-Confederates to describe northern republicans

Convict Leasing

State officials allowed private companies to hire out prisoners to work in mines and other industries

Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company

private bank worked closely with the Freedman’s Bureau and Union army across the South. Failed and cost thousands of people hundreds.

Civil Rights Act of 1875

required full and equal access to jury service and to transportation and public accommodations, regardless of race.

Classic Liberalism

free trade, small government, low property taxes, and limitation of voting rights to men with land and education (white men)

Laissez faire

a policy in which government let alone businesses and the economy

Credit Mobilier

a sham corporation set up by shareholders in the Union Pacific Railroad to secure government grants at an enormous profit

Redemption

the name for the process of terrorizing Republicans and Black politicians

Ku Klux Klan

organizations of white supremacists formed to keep black people out of power

Enforcement Laws

passed to protect freedmen’s rights and authorized federal prosecutions, military intervention, and martial law to suppress terrorist activity

Slaughterhouse Cases

the undercut of the power of the 14th Amendment

US v. Cruikshank

court case in which justices argued the 14th Amendment offered only few trivial protections to citizens. Ruled voting rights remained a state matter.

Civil Rights Cases

court case in which justices struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875

Charles Sumner

Leader of Radical republicans in senate, fiery abolitionist

Thaddeus Stevens

passionate advocate of freedmen’s political and economic rights, leader of Radical Republicans in the HoR

Nathanel Bedford Forrest

decorated Confederate general, white supremacist, bum, loser, fraud, racist, and Grand Wizard of the KKK