Hazards - Case Studies

When did the Chile earthquake happen, and what magnitude was it?

2010

8.8

Primary effects of the Chile earthquake

500+ deaths, 12,000 injured

220,000 homes, 4500 schools/key infrastructure destroyed

$30 Billion cost

Chile earthquake secondary effects

Tsunami affected costal towns and roaches as far as japan

Fires in Santiago and landslides blocked roads

Chile earthquake immediate responses

Emergency services respond quick

Power and water restored to 90% of homes within 10 days

National appeal raised $60 million for shelters

Chile earthquake long term responses

Government launched a housing re construction plan

Economy recovered due to strong copper exports

When did the Nepal earthquake happen, and what magnitude was it?

2015

7.8

Nepal earthquake primary effects

9,000deaths and 22,000 injured

3 million left homeless

50% of schools destroyed

$5 billion cost

Nepal earthquake secondary effects

Avalanche on Mount Everest kills 19 people

Land listed blocked roads and rivers, increasing flood risk

Nepal earthquake immediate responses

International aid and rescue teams set up

Field hospitals set up by the UN and Red Cross

Helicopters rescued people in remote areas

Nepal earthquake long term responses

Roads repaired, landslides cleared

Stricter building codes introduced

Tourism (especially Everest climbing) boosted to rebuild economy

What do the chile and Nepal earthquakes highlight

HIC’s can recover faster due to wealth, infrastructure and preparedness. Whilst LIC’s suffer more severe long term impacts.

Facts about typhoon Haiyan (year, country, category, wind-speeds, storm surge)

2013

Philippines

Category 5

Wind speed = 275km/h

Storm surge = up to 5m

Typhoon Haiyan primary effects

6,300 deaths

600,000 displaced

40,000 homes destroyed

90% of Tacloban city destroyed

Wide spread floods caused landslides and blocked roads

Airport and fishing boats damaged, effecting transport and livelihood

Typhoon Haiyan Secondary effects

6 million lost their jobs due to damaged business and farms

Shortages of food, water and shelter lead to disease outbreak

Power cut off for weeks in some areas

Looting and violence in tacloban

$5.8 billon cost

Typhoon Haiyan immediate responses

International aid

Evacuations

Field hospitals set up by charities

Red Cross delivered food and water

Typhoon Haiyan Secondary responses

‘Build back better’ strategy - rebuilding stronger homes and infrastructure

Mangroves replanted to protect against future storm surges

Cyclone shelters built in costal areas

More investment in early warning systems

What does typhoon Haiyan highlight

Shows LIC’s are more vulnerable to natural disasters

Highlights the importance of international aid

Demonstrates the need for better disaster preparation