OMIS 1050 WEEK 6

What are some data point examples?

• country

• name

• date

• gender

• time

What are data types’ use?

represent common data in code

What are commas’ use?

separate item

What comprises a bit?

1 / 0

What are bit numbers’ use?

represent value space & range

What is the short range?

-23,768 to 32,767

What is the int range?

-2 billion to 2 billion

What is the long range?

-(2⁶³) to 2⁶³

How many bits are in a byte?

8

What is the short minimum size?

• 8 bits / 1 byte

What is the short minimum size?

• 16 bites / 2 bytes

What is the usual int minimum size?

• 16 bits / 2 bytes

• 32 bits / 4 bytes

What is the usual minimum size?

• 32 bits / 4 bytes

• 64 bits / 8 bytes

What can represent decimals?

• float

• double

What is the float storage ability?

7 decimals

What is the double storage ability?

16 decimals

What is the float memory?

32 bits / 4 bytes

What is the double memory?

64 bits / 8 bytes

Why are float and double primitive?

• core language requiring no special handling

What is precision?

decimal limit

What are float and double labelled as?

approximate

What is the problem with storing computer numbers?

binary convert

What is unsigned?

• positive number variable

What is signed?

• positive / negative number variable

What is the unsigned 16 bit short range?

0 to 65,535

What is the signed 16 bit short range?

-32,768 to 32,767

What is a Boolean data type’s use?

2 possible values representing logic & Boolean algebra

What statement types are associated with Boolean data?

conditional statement

What is a conditional statement’s use?

• allow different action by changing control depending on true / false

How do you use Boolean in Python?

<variable name>=true

What does the char data type store?

letter / number / symbol string

How do you define a character in C++?

char {variable name} = ‘{char value}’

What are data structures’ use?

• connect / group data

• access data

What is a string?

• character sequence

What is the string’s first character position?

0

How do you define a string in JavaScript?

var word = “Home”

How do you define a string in Python?

word = ‘<text>’
OR
word = “<text>”

What is an array?

ordered value collection

What are the array characteristics?

• ordered / fixed length

• homogenous

What is an element?

individual array value

What is length?

element number

What is the index?

position number

True or False: Elements must have data to be numbered elements.

False

How do you define an array in Python?

<array name> = [<element list>]

How do you return an element in Python?

<array name>[<index>]

What is control flow?

function call & instruction & statement order

What is a control flow statement’s use?

• determine code section to run

How do you use conditional logic in Python?

<variable name> = <input>

if <variable name> <equality sign> <conditional input>:

print(“<text>”)

else:

print(“<text 2>”)

How do you use a counter in Python?

range(<start value>,<end value>)
for <variable name> in range(<start value>,<end value>):
  print(f"<text> {<variable name>}") 

What Python function generates up to but not including the end value?

=range()

What is a multidimensional array?

• array associating element with >1 index

What is the common multidimensional array?

2D array

What are some 2D array synonyms?

• table

• matrix

What is a linked list?

connected node series

What comprises a node?

• data

• next node pointer

What is the linked list head?

1st node & pointer

What does the last linked list node point to?

null

How do you get a linked list item?

• follow pointer from head to next node

What is a linked list advantage?

• don’t have to be stored in sequence

What is a linked list disadvantage?

• can take long to grab item in sequence

W

What is a stack?

data structure

• LIFO

What are the 3 basic stack operations?

• push

• pop

• peek

What is a push?

• insert data on stack

What is a pop?

• remove top data from stack

What is a peek?

• read top data without removing from stack

What function checks if the stack is empty?

IsEmpty

What function checks if the stack is full?

IsFull

What is a stack example?

• browser back button

What is a queue?

data structure

• FIFO

What is an enqueue?

• put item in queue

What is a dequeue?

• remove item from queue

What are some queue examples?

• call centre

• CPU & disk schedule

• printer

What is a tree?

• abstract hierarchy model

What comprises a tree?

• parent-child nodes

What are some linear data structures?

• array

• linked list

• stack

• queue

What is a linear data structure?

sequential data structure

What is a tree advantage?

non-linear

• easy access

What are some tree terminology?

• root

• edge

• external & internal node

• node ancestor & descendant

• node depth & height

What is a root?

• node without parent

What is an edge?

• node link

What is an internal node?

• node with 1+ child

What is an external node?

• node with no child

What are some node ancestor examples?

• parent

• grandparent

• great-grandparent

What is node depth?

ancestor number

• root - node edge number

What is node height?

max node depth

What are some node descendant examples?

• child

• grandchild

• great-grandchild

What does BST stand for?

Binary Search Tree

What is a BST?

tree

• internal node has 2+ children

• children = ordered pair

OR

• single node

What are internal node children’s names?

• left child

• right child

What are some BST uses?

• math

• decision

• search

What is the BST left child & parent & right child relationship?

left child < parent < right child

What is a decision tree?

decision binary tree

What is in an internal decision tree node?

• question

What is in an external decision tree node?

• answer

What are some tree examples?

• file

• database index

• expression parse

• routing algorithm

What is a graph data structure?

node collection connected to other nodes

What is a graph data structure example?

• Facebook

What is some graph data structure terminology?

• adjacency

• path

• directed graph

What is adjacency?

• edge connecting vertices