Unit 3: Properties of Substances and Mixtures

These flashcards cover the vocabulary and key concepts related to intermolecular and intramolecular forces, including definitions and descriptions of various types of bonding and interactions.

Intramolecular Forces

Forces that occur within a molecule; the bonds that hold the atoms together.

Intermolecular Forces

Forces that occur between molecules; these forces hold molecules together.

Covalent Bond

A bond formed when two atoms share electrons.

Ionic Bond

A bond formed through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating ions.

Hydrogen Bond

A strong dipole-dipole attraction that occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to highly electronegative elements such as fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen.

London Dispersion Forces

Weak intermolecular forces resulting from temporary dipoles that occur in all atoms and molecules.

Dipole-Dipole Interaction

An attraction between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another.

Induced Dipole

A temporary dipole that occurs when a neighboring atom is influenced by the charge distribution of another atom.

Ion-Dipole Interaction

An attractive force resulting from the electrostatic attraction between an ion and a neutral molecule with a dipole.

Boiling Point

The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the external pressure surrounding the liquid.