APUSH Colonies 2

Mayflower Compact

The first agreement for self government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony

William Bradford

A pilgrim, the second governor of the Plymouth colony, 1621 to 1657. He developed private land ownership and help colonists get out of debt. He helped the colony survive droughts, crop failures, and Indian attacks

Massachusetts Bay colony

1629 - king Charles gave the Puritans a right to settle and govern the colony in the Massachusetts Bay area. The colony established political freedom and a representative government

Anne Hutchinson, antinomianism

she preached the ideas that God communicated directly to individuals instead of through the church elders. She was forced to leave Massachusetts in 1637. Her followers (the Antinomianists) founded the colony of New Hampshire in 1639

King Philip's War

1675 - a series of battles in New Hampshire between the colonists and the Wompanowogs, led by chief known as king Philip. The war started when the Massachusetts government try to assert court jurisdiction over the local Indians. The colonist won with the help of the mohawks, and this victory opened up additional Indian lands for expansion

Joint-Stock company

A company made up of group shareholders. Each shareholder contribute some money to the company and receive some share of the companies profits and debts

Headright system

offered a significant incentive for people to travel to the colonies and settle there. New settlers who paid their own way were typically granted a headright of 50 acres; they were used by the Virginia company to attract more colonists (adressed labor shortages where the tobacco economy required large-scale farming and a substantial workforce)

Bacon's rebellion

1676 - Nathaniel bacon and other Western Virginia settlers were angry at Virginia Governor Berkley for trying to appease the Doeg Indians after the Doegs attach the Western settlements. The frontiersman formed an army, with bacon as its leader, which defeated the Indians and then marched on Jamestown and burned the city. The rebellion ended suddenly when bacon died of an illness

James Oglethorpe

founder and governor of the Georgia colony. He ran a tightly disciplined, military like colony. Slaves, alcohol, and Catholicism were forbidden and his colony. Many colonists felt that Oglethorpe was a dictator, and that along with the colonists' dissatisfaction not being allowed to own slaves cause the colonnade to break down and Oglethorp to lose his position as governor

indentured servants

people who could not afford passage to the colonies could become indentured servant. Another person would pay their passage, and in exchange, the indentured servant would serve that person for a set length of time and then would be free

Jamestown

Virginia company's settlement; named for their king. First successful English colony

John Winthrop

as governor of Massachusetts Bay colony, Winthrop was instrumental in forming the colonies government in shaping us legislative policy. Envision the colony centered in the present day Boston, as a city upon a hill, from which Puritans would spread religious righteousness throughout the world

William Penn

established the colony of Pennsylvania as a holy experiment. Free men had the right to vote, provided leadership for self government based on personal virtues and quaker religious believes. His colony was religiously tolerant leading to diversity in the region

dominion of new England

1686 - the British government combined the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire and Connecticut into a single province headed by a royal governor, Edmund Andros. The dominion ended in 1692, when the colonist resulted and drove out Governor Andros

Fundamental Orders

it has the features of a written constitution, and is considered my son is the first written constitution. The fundamental orders of Connecticut is a short document, but contain some principles that relater applied in creating the United States government. Government is based in the rights of an individual, and the order spell out some of those rights, as well as how they are insured by the government. It provides that all freemen share in electing there magistrates, and uses secret, paper ballots. It states the powers of the government , And some limits within which that power is exercised

Virginia Company

first English colony established in the US; included traders and adventures with no motive to settle; colony failed at first

toleration act

and act in acted in Maryland to grant religious freedom to all Christians

navigation laws

these sets of acts restricted the US to trade with England, which helped fuel resentment of England

Iroquois nation

The Iroquois nation alliance ended generations of warfare and was a group of five different Native American tribes

slavery

The colonies had slavery because tobacco needed inexpensive labor and rice cultivation grew. The 13 colonies legally established slavery

quakers

- Settled in Pennsylvania

- Believed in religious freedom for all who believed in God

New England confederacy

- Defends against foes

- intercolonial problems

- Runaway slaves

- Coneys could vote hundred stiction but each colony had only two votes, making larger colonies like Mass Bay unhappy

- Made up of two Massachusetts colonies into Connecticut colonies. Significant because it's one of the first steps of the colonies coming together to decide on issues

Virginia: purpose, problems, failures, successes

Virginia was formed by the Virginia company as a profit running venture. Starvation was the major problem; about 90% of the colonist died the first year many of the survivors left, and the company had trouble attracting new colonist. They offered private landownership in the colony to attract settlers, but the Virginia company eventually went bankrupt on the Connie went to the crown. Virginia did not become a successful colony until the colonists started raising and exporting tobacco

Georgia: reasons and successes

1733 - George was formed as a buffer between the Carolinas and Spanish help Florida. It was a military style colony, but also served as a haven for the poor, criminals, and persecuted protestants

House of Burgesses

first elected legislative body in US which could make laws and raise taxes

encomienda system

Indians were forced to do unpaid labor for the Spanish in the towns

pueblo revolt

A group of Native Americans rebelled against their Spanish occupants and were successful. However the Spanish later came back and wiped out the tribe

The black legend

The black legend of the Spanish Inquisition is a term used by authors who consider the existence of a romanticized or exaggerated image of the Spanish Inquisition as the epitomr of terror and human barbarity

Roger Williams

an English theology and, a notable proponent of religious toleration and the separation of church and state, and an advocate for further dealings with Native Americans. In 1664 he received a charter creating the colony of Rhode Island, named for the principal island in Narragansett Bay. He is credited for or originating in the first or second Baptist Church to stab list in American English theology and, a notable proponent of religious toleration and the separation of church and state, and an advocate for further dealings with Native Americans. In 1664 he received a charter creating the colony of Rhode Island, named for the principal island in Narragansett Bay. He is credited for or originating in the first or second Baptist Church to stab list in America

James town and the starving time

The starving time in Jamestown in the colony of Virginia was a period of starvation during the winter of 1609 to 1610 in which all that 60 of 214 colonists died.

coureurs de bois

A woodsman or trader of French origin

Great Puritan migration

The migration of English people from England to the New World between 1630 and 1640 because king James opposed the growing Puritan population of England

Massachusetts

The Massachusetts Bay colony - Puritans and John Winthrop city upon a hill

Plymouth colony

later Incorporated into the Massachusetts Bay colony - Puritans, William Bradford, Mayflower compact

Connecticut

The fundamental orders

New Hampshire

Royal colony separated from Massachusetts

Rhode Island

most liberal in new England, founded by Roger Williams

New England

puritan dominated in many areas, less religiously tolerant, more restrictions on civic participation, more industry, less available farmland, - Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire

middle colonies

Ethnically diverse, more religiously tolerant and democratic, Quaker influence, farming and lumbering, shipbuilding, shipping and trade, fur trapping - New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware

New York

originally new Netherlands; the Dutch

New Jersey

Quaker settlement

Pennsylvania

William Penn as a haven for Quakers

Delaware

remained under the governor of Pennsylvania until the American revolution

Southern colonies

plantation economy, aristocratic, slavery, cash cops, scattered population, expansionary, some religious toleration; Maryland, Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia

Maryland

by Lord Baltimore as a safe haven for Catholics; the Maryland act of toleration

North Carolina

A haven for poor whites and religious dissenters from Virginia. Most democratic liberal southern colony

South Carolina

many plantations and aristocrats. Became a center of the slave trade

Georgia

The last of the 13 colonies, founded by James Oglethorpe. A buffer between the 12 colonies in Spanish Florida, and a refuge for debtors and convicts

charter colonies

The inhabitants elect their own governors under their own charters