Molecular biodiversity

Does all DNA code for proteins?

No

Exons

code for proteins

Introns

do not code for proteins

SNPS

only one base differs

STRS

regions of DNA that vary, typically about 20-40 bases sequences long. These regions are unique and non coding.

What enzyme cuts at a specific DNA sequence

Restriction endonuclease

Why is DNA negatively charged

Due to the phosphate group

Lighter bands migrate ____________ as there is less resistance

Further

Heavier bands migrate closer as there is _______ resistance

More

GEL ELECTROPHORESIS:

During electrophoresis the molecules are seperated according to their:

size, mass and overall charge

Positively charged molecules will move towards the __________ (negative poles) whereas negatively charged molecules with move towards the __________ (positive pole).

DNA is __________ charged due to the __________ groups and so when placed in an electric field, the molecules move towards the __________.

cathode

anode

negatively

phosphate

anode

__________ sized molecules move through the gel at __________ __________. The _____ _______ in the gel result in __________ molecules moving quickly whereas __________ move slowly.

Different

different rates

tiny pores

smaller

larger

Variable Number tandem repeats: regions found in ___ _______ part of DNA. They contain __________ numbers of repeated DNA sequences and are known to __________ between different people

non coding

variable

vary