figurative language

personification

The wing shipped through the trees ( giving non human characteristics to non human things)

Alliteration

Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers ( repetition of the same beginning consonant sound)

metaphor

Time is a thief ( a direct comparison between two unrelated things)

onomatopoeia

the bees buzzled; the door creaked ( words that imitate natural sounds)

Idiom

Its raining cats and dogs ( a common phrase whose meaning isn't literal)

pun

I used to be a baker, but I couldn't make enough dough( a joke that plays on word meanings or similar sounds)