Small Animal Anatomy Exam - Pelvic Limb Muscles

Muscles of the Rump

Tensor Fascie Late

Superficial Gluteal

Middle GLuteal

Piriformis

Deep Gluteal

What is the principal action of the muscle of the rump?

Extend the hip joint

Caudal Muscles of the Thigh

Biceps Femoris

Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

What is (are) the principal actions of the caudal thigh muscle group?

Extend the hip joint and variable action of the stifle joint

Medial Muscles of the Thigh Group

Sartorius

Gracilis

Pectineus

Adductor

What is (are) the principal actions of the medial thigh muscle group?

Adduct the pelvic limb

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Origin: Tuber Coxae

Insertion: Fascia lata

Action: Flex the hip joint, tense the fascia lata and aid in extension of the genual joint

Superficial Gluteal Muscle

Origin: Sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament

Insertion: Third trocanter of the femur

Action: Extend the hip joint and abduct the limb

Middle Gluteal Muscle

Origin: Gluteal surface of ilium

Insertion: Greater trochanter

Action: Extend the hip joint and rotate the limb medially

Piriformis

Origin: Sacrum and first caudal vertebra

Insertion: Greater trochanter

Action: Extend the coxal joint and rotate the limb medially

Deep Gluteal Muscle

Origin: Body of ilium and ischiatic spine

Insertion: Greater trocanter

Action: Extend the hip joint and rotate the limb medially

Biceps Femoris

Origin: ischiatic tuberosity and Sacro tuberous ligament

Insertion: Patella, cranial tibia and tuber calcanei

Action: Variable action of the stifle joint, extend the hip and tarsal joints, abduct the limb

Semitendinosus

Origin: Ischiatic tuberosity

Insertion: Proximal tibia and tuber calcanei

Action: Extend coxal and tarsal joints; variable action on the genual joint

Semimembranosus

Origin: Ischiatic tuberosity

Insertion: Proximal tibia and distal femur

Action: Extend hip joint and variable action of the stifle joint

Sartorius

Origin: ilium

Insertion: Patella and cranial tibia

Action: Flex the hip joint and variable action on the stifle joint

Gracilis

Origin: Pelvic Symphysis

Insertion: Cranial tibia and tuber calcanei

Action: Adduct the limb, extend coxal and tarsal joints, flex the stifle joint

Pectineus

Origin: Iliopubic eminence

Insertion: Distal body of the femur

Action: Adduct the limb

Adductor

Origin: Ventral surface of os coxa

Insertion: Caudal surface of the femur

Action: Adduct the limb and extend the coxal joint