orgo ch12

hammonds postulate

the structure of transition state for exothermic reaction looks like reactants and for endothermic reaction looks like product

alkane with Br2

form radical intermediate, form hbr and alkane with br, major product is br attached to tertiary c, endothermic reaction, late ts

alkane with Cl2 and heat

form free radical intermediate, abstract h from primary secondary or tertiary c, form mixture of products, reaction is exothermic, poorly selective reaction

allylic with Br, CH2Cl2, hv or

form radical intermediate, product is bromination of allylic or benzylic, major product is more sub alkene

allylic with NBS, CH2Cl2, hv

forms hbr, hbr and nbs form br2, bromination of allylic or benzylic, form a mixture of products, major product is more sub alkene

alkene with HBr, ROOR, heat or HBr, CH3OOCH3, hv

roor break, ro reacts with hbr to form roh and br, br react with alkene to form alkane, stereorandom, br goes to least sub carbon

alkene with Na, NH2 or Na, NH3 or -33

forms trans alkene

RBr or RI with Bu3SnH, AIBN, heat

br and i replaced with h, chain radical reaction

alkene with benzyolperozide or AIBN, heat

radical breaks double bond to form new bond