psychology lec 2- 2025-02-01T17:35:09

Brain Stem

The brain's life support system, controlling basic physiological processes like breathing and heart rate.

Cerebrum

The most recently evolved part of the brain, involved in thinking and reasoning.

Hindbrain

Part of the brain involved in essential survival functions, including the medulla, pons, and cerebellum.

Cerebellum

Located at the base of the brain, it coordinates fine muscle movements, balance, and some types of perception.

Midbrain

Controls movement patterns, sleep, and arousal.

Limbic System

Involved in motivation, emotion, and memory; known as the visceral brain.

Hypothalamus

Regulates body functions such as temperature, hunger, and thirst, and is involved in reward centers of the brain.

Amygdala

Controls autonomic responses associated with fear and emotional responses related to aggression.

Hippocampus

Involved in memory formation and learning.

Thalamus

Considered the brain switchboard, relaying information between various parts of the brain.

Cerebral Cortex

The outermost layer of the cerebrum involved in complex mental activities such as thinking and consciousness.

Occipital Lobe

The brain lobe responsible for processing visual information.

Temporal Lobe

Involved in hearing and memory recognition.

Parietal Lobe

Processes sensory information related to touch, vision, and sensation of body position.

Frontal Lobe

Responsible for planning, judgment, impulse control, and housing the motor cortex.

Prefrontal Cortex

Involved in executive functions like planning and decision-making; heavily associated with impulse control.

Corpus Callosum

A major pathway connecting the two cerebral hemispheres, allowing communication between them.

Contralateral Control

The concept that sensory inputs from one side of the body are processed in the opposite hemisphere of the brain.

Hemispheric Lateralization

The greater specialization of function in one hemisphere over another.

Split Brain Patients

Individuals who have undergone a surgery to sever the corpus callosum, leading to unique perceptual and behavioral results.