Development of Halacha Review

Halacha

Jewish law

Written Torah

Hebrew Bible or Tanakh

Oral Torah

Rabbinic texts starting with the Mishnah

Mishnah

First organized collection of Jewish laws (200 CE), Edited by Judah HaNasi

Gemara

Discussions, debates, and decisions based on the Mishnah (500 CE)

Mishneh Torah

Rambam's code with organized lists of halacha

Responsa

Rabbinic answers to halachic questions

Tannaim

Rabbis of the Mishnah

Amoraim

Rabbis of the Gemara

P'shat

Simple, clear, contextual meaning

Drash

Interpreted meaning

Judah Hanasi

The last Tanna (rabbi of the Mishnah), edited the Mishnah

Rambam

Maimonides, wrote the Mishneh Torah

1500 - 440 BCE

Tanakh/Written torah was made

70 CE

Destruction of Second Temple

200 CE

Mishnah was edited

500 CE

Gemara was made

1180 CE

Mishneh Torah made by Rambam (an example of a code)

Talmud

Mishnah + Gemara

Ezra the Scribe

1. Established the Monday/Thursday Torah readings 2. Reinstated the courts of the Jewish law (the Sanhedrin) 3. Chose what books to put into the Tanakh

2 Talmuds

Babylonian and Jerusalem, because there were two separate communities of Amoraim discussing the Mishnah

Why was the destruction of the 2nd Temple significant to the development of halacha?

The Tannaim were afraid that the Oral Torah would be lost or forgotten due to persecution and the destruction of the center of Jewish life. Also, they had to replace sacrifices