Anatomical Position, Directional Terms, Body Planes, Muscle Movements, and General Bone Markings

These flashcards cover key concepts from anatomical positions, directional terms, body planes, muscle movements, and general bone markings to aid in exam preparation.

What is the anatomical position?

Body erect, face forward, feet together, palms facing forward.

What does 'superior' refer to in anatomical directional terms?

Toward the head or upper part of a structure; above.

What does 'inferior' mean?

Away from the head or lower part of a structure; below.

Define 'medial' in anatomical terms.

Closer to the midline of the body.

What is the meaning of 'lateral'?

Farther from the midline of the body.

In terms of limbs, what does 'proximal' indicate?

Closer to the point of attachment or trunk.

What does 'distal' refer to in anatomy?

Farther from the point of attachment or trunk.

What do 'superficial' and 'deep' denote?

Superficial means closer to the surface, while deep means further from the surface.

Define flexion in the context of joint movements.

A decrease in the angle between body parts.

What is extension in joint movement terminology?

An increase in the angle between body parts.

What is the purpose of the frontal (coronal) plane?

Divides the body into front and back halves.

What movements are associated with the sagittal plane?

Flexion and extension.

What does the transverse plane divide in the body?

Divides the body into top and bottom halves.

Describe abduction in terms of movement.

Moving a body part away from the midline.

What is adduction?

Moving a body part closer to the midline.

What does inversion refer to?

Inward movement of the foot at the ankle.

Define eversion in relation to foot movement.

Outward movement of the foot at the ankle.

What is the function of a tuberosity on a bone?

Site of muscle and ligament attachment.

What is a condyle?

Rounded articular projection that often articulates with a corresponding fossa.

What is the significance of a meatus?

A canal-like passageway through a bone.

What does a fossa refer to in bone markings?

A shallow, basin-like depression often serving as an articular surface.