Crime & Punishment + AP Vocabulary - Set Three

Paradox

• A statement that contradicts itself and/or is true and untrue at the same time.

• Quirks in logic

• Ex) I must be cruel only to be kind

Syllogism

• Three part argument in which a conclusion is made with a major and minor premise

Logical Fallacies

• Ad Hominem - Attacking a person’s character

• Ad Populum - Appeal to popularity

• Ad Verecundiam - Appeal to authority

• Circular Reasoning - An argument that assumes the very thing it’s trying to prove

Oxymoron

• Expression in which two words contradict one another

• Ex) Act Natural, Jumbo Shrimp

Tautology

• Needless repetition that adds no meaning or understanding

• Ex) Widow Woman, Free Gift

Pedantic

• Excessive display of learning or scholarship

• Focus on rules, correctness, minor details often at the expense of clarity or understanding

Antithesis

• Opposite of a prior statement

• Pair is written with similar structure to emphasize contrast

Syntax

• Set of rules in the language

• Dictates how different parts of speech are put together in order to convey a thought

• Diction refers to word choice syntax refers to how words are organized

Pun

• Play on words

• Involved homophones (similar sounds, different meanings)

Epiphany

• An “aha'“ moment

• Moment when a character is suddenly struck with a life-changing realization that changes the rest of the story

• Often begins with a small everyday experience

Understatement

• Intentionally making a situation less important than they truly are

• Opposite of hyperbole

Cadence

• Derived from Latin word cadentina which means “a falling”

• Used to signal the rising and falling of the voice - helps set rhythmic pace

• Half Cadence - a pause represented with a comma or semi-colon