Chapter 9

Two of the original Gestalt psychologists took their doctorates with this nineteenth-century German scientist, and the third studied with him for a time. He was

Carl Stumpf

The gestaltists argued that

Perceptual organizing tendencies like figure-ground have no bearing on the nature-nurture issue

Which of the following is appropriately paired?

Koffka- applied gestalt thinking to developmental psychology

The famous Lake of Constance story illustrates the point that

Our actions are influenced more by the behavioral environment than the geographic environment

In your book, there is a drawing of two sets of circles, with columns of open circles alternating with columns of filled circles. These lines illustrate which Gestalt organizing principle?

Grouping by similarity

What was Wertheimer’s explanation for apparent motion?

None of the options, he rejected all of them

There is a drawing in the text that looks like a rectangle and a triangle that are overlapping. This illustrates the Gestalt principle of

Closure

If we think about cheating on an exam, it creates a conflict because on the one hand, we want a good grade, but on the other hand, we know it’s wrong. In Lewin’s terms,

Approach-avoidance conflict

Which of the following is apprpriately paired?

Duncker- candle problem

According to Bulma Zeigarnik, what happens when we fail to complete some tasks?

A “quasi-need” to complete the task will persist over a period of time

Wertheimer referred to the apparent motion phenomenon as the phi phenomenon because

He thought that the apparent motion label implied that the phenomenon was not truly experienced but was just illusory

Ron needs a screwdriver but doesn’t have one. Nonetheless, he is able to accomplish his goal by using a dime in place of the screwdriver. Which of the following is true?

Functional fixedness

I introduced Gestalt psychology to America with a 1922 article in Psychological Bulletin, and I expanded Gestalt ideas into developmental psychology in The Growth of the Mind. Who was I?

Kurt Koffka

In the apparent motion study, what is the geographical environment?

Two separate lights, each flashing on and off

According to Kohler, Sultan solved the two-stick problem by

Reogranizing the elements of the problem situation

The FedEx logo has a creative application of which Gestalt principle?

Figure-ground

In Duncker’s candle problem, subjects sometimes fail to see that the box of tacks could also be used as a platform. The concept that best describes this failure is

Functional fixedness

In his debate with Wundt, Stumpf argued that

For research on musical tones, musicians are better “observers'“ than trained laboratory scientists

Gestalt psychology was a general psychology, but it is sometimes associated only with perception. What is the source of this misunderstanding?

Koffkas Psychological Bulletin paper that introduced Gestalt psychology to America

Most of the Gestalt organizing principles were articulated by Wertheimer, but he borrowed one of them from the Danish psychologist Edgar Rubin. Which one?

Figure-ground

Concerning the phi phenomenon, with which of the following statements would Wertheimer agree?

The phenonmenon can not be annalyzed into constituent elements

Compared to the major Gestalt psychologists, Lewin was more interested in

Motivation