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26 vocabulary flashcards covering structural and functional joint classifications, specific fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joint terminology, and related anatomical features.
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Fibrous joint
Structural joint in which bones are united by fibrous connective tissue, have no joint cavity, and allow little or no movement.
Cartilaginous joint
Structural joint in which two bones are united by a pad of cartilage (hyaline or fibrocartilage).
Synovial joint
Joint containing a synovial cavity filled with synovial fluid; permits the greatest range of movement.
Synarthrosis
Functional classification for a non-movable joint.
Amphiarthrosis
Functional classification for a slightly movable joint.
Diarthrosis
Functional classification for a freely movable joint.
Suture
Fibrous joint where skull bones interdigitate and are connected by a sutural ligament.
Sutural ligament
Two periostea plus dense fibrous connective tissue that bind bones in a suture.
Synostosis
A suture that has ossified completely in the adult skull.
Fontanel
Membranous gap between skull bones in infants allowing head molding and brain growth.
Syndesmosis
Fibrous joint in which bones are farther apart than in a suture and joined by ligaments; allows limited movement.
Interosseous membrane
Sheet of fibrous connective tissue linking the shafts of adjacent bones (e.g., radius and ulna).
Radioulnar syndesmosis
Example of a syndesmosis formed by the interosseous membrane between radius and ulna.
Gomphosis
Peg-in-socket fibrous joint that anchors a tooth root within its alveolus.
Periodontal ligament
Dense connective tissue that holds a tooth in its socket in a gomphosis.
Gingivitis
Inflammation of the gums that can progress to periodontal disease.
Periodontal disease
Inflammatory condition affecting periodontal ligaments and surrounding tooth structures.
Synchondrosis
Cartilaginous joint united by hyaline cartilage; usually allows little or no movement and may be temporary or permanent.
Epiphyseal plate
Temporary hyaline cartilage synchondrosis between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a growing long bone.
Costochondral joint
Joint between a rib and its costal cartilage; begins as a synchondrosis and may develop into a synovial joint.
Sphenooccipital synchondrosis
Temporary hyaline cartilage joint between sphenoid and occipital bones that ossifies after growth.
Symphysis
Cartilaginous joint in which bones are united by fibrocartilage, allowing slight movement.
Symphysis pubis
Fibrocartilaginous joint uniting the two pubic bones; example of a symphysis.
Intervertebral disc
Fibrocartilaginous pad forming symphyses between adjacent vertebral bodies.
Synovial fluid
Viscous fluid within synovial joints that lubricates and nourishes articular cartilage.
Appendicular skeleton
Bones of the limbs and girdles that contain most synovial joints, reflecting greater mobility than the axial skeleton.