AP Seminar - Big Idea 3: Evaluate Multiple Perspectives

Everything you need to know for Big Idea 3!

Perspective

Perspective

A particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view.

Bias

A prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually considered to be unfair.

Cultural Context

The values, attitudes, beliefs, orientations, and underlying assumptions prevalent among people in a society.

Stakeholders

Individuals or groups that have an interest in any decision or activity of an organization.

Empathy

The ability to understand and share the feelings of another.

Subjectivity

The quality of being based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions.

Objectivity

The quality of being objective; not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts.

Plurality

The fact or state of being plural, as in multiple viewpoints or interpretations existing simultaneously.

Ethnocentrism

Evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture.

Global Perspective

An approach to understanding the interconnections between societies, cultures, and individuals worldwide.

Parochialism

A limited or narrow outlook, especially focused on a local area; narrow-mindedness.

Intercultural Competence

The ability to communicate effectively and appropriately with people of other cultures.

Multidisciplinarity

Combining or involving several academic disciplines or professional specializations in an approach to a topic or problem.

Interdisciplinarity

The quality or fact of involving or combining two or more academic disciplines or fields of study.

Transdisciplinarity

Beyond all disciplines, involving the integration of multiple academic disciplines to address a topic or problem.

Relativism

The doctrine that knowledge, truth, and morality exist in relation to culture, society, or historical context, and are not absolute.

Universalism

The belief that some concepts have universal application or applicability.

Cognitive Dissonance

The state of having inconsistent thoughts, beliefs, or attitudes, especially as relating to behavioral decisions and attitude change.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to interpret new evidence as confirmation of one's existing beliefs or theories.

Echo Chamber

An environment where a person encounters only beliefs or opinions that coincide with their own, so their existing views are reinforced and alternative ideas are not considered.

Filter Bubble

A state of intellectual isolation that can result from personalized searches when a website algorithm selectively guesses what information a user would like to see based on information about the user.

Critical Thinking

The objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgment.

Analytical Skills

The ability to deconstruct information into smaller categories in order to draw conclusions.

Synthesis

The combination of ideas to form a theory or system.

Evaluative Skills

The ability to assess or judge the value, importance, or quality of something based on criteria.

Argumentative Literacy

The ability to construct, identify, and evaluate arguments effectively.

Cultural Relativism

The principle that an individual's beliefs and activities should be understood by others in terms of that individual's own culture.

Diversity

The state of being diverse; variety. In the context of perspectives, it refers to the inclusion of different types of people (such as people of different races, cultures, genders, etc.) in a group or organization.

Equity

The quality of being fair and impartial.

Inclusivity

The practice or policy of including people who might otherwise be excluded or marginalized.

Marginalization

The process through which individuals or groups are excluded from meaningful participation in society.

Narrative

A spoken or written account of connected events; a story.

Paradigm

A typical example or pattern of something; a model or framework.

Prejudice

Preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience.

Privilege

A special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group.

Social Construct

An idea or notion that appears to be natural and obvious to people who accept it but may or may not represent reality, so it remains largely an invention or artifact of a particular culture or society.

Stereotype

A widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.

Worldview

A particular philosophy of life or conception of the world.

Xenophobia

Dislike of or prejudice against people from other countries.

Intersectionality

The interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender, regarded as creating overlapping and interdependent systems of discrimination or disadvantage.