Eng 1

Modern English time period

1450-present

Late middle English time period

1300-1450

Early middle English time period

1066-1300

Old English time period

450 AD-1066

What are the three periods of English?

Old, middle, modern

What were the 3 tribes in the 6th Century?

Angles, Saxon, Jutes

What genre is Everyman?

Morality play

Who has the highest power on earth, even over kings, emperors, barons, and dukes when it comes to religion?

Priests

Who has Everyman loved best before his penance?

Goods

Who finally decides to join Everyman?

Knowledge

Who is neglected by Everyman?

Good-deeds

Who offers his maid to join Everyman?

Kindred

Who does Everyman ask first to join him?

Fellowship

what is the moral of the Pardoners story?

Avarice (greed) is the root of all evil

What was the answer to the queens question in the Wife of Bathes tale?

Sovereignty and dominance over men

How many times was the Wife of Bathe married?

5 times

Characters in the Millers tale

Nicholas, John, Alisoun, Absolon

What was the name of the sword given to Beowulf?

Hrunting

Who told their story first/ drew the short straw?

the knight

How many pilgrims went in Canterbury Tales

29

Setting of Canterbury

Southwark to Canterbury

What genre is Canterbury Tales?

Estates Satire

What English is Canterbury Tales?

Middle English

Who wrote Canterbury Tales?

Geoffrey Chaucer

Who is Felix Brutus?

Founder of Britain

Who is Gringolet?

Gawains horse

Who is Sir Gawain

Arthurs nephew

Who does the Green Knight end up being?

the lord of a nearby castle

Explain what happens when Gawain receives his blow.

First blow he flinches, second blow the Green Knight fakes him out, and the third blow breaks skin

How does Gawain fail to keep this deal?

He keeps the green girdle

What deal does Gawain make with the Lord of the castle?

they will share all their gains for three days

How long did Gawain have until he had to take his blow from the Green Knight?

a year and a day

Who initially accepts the Green Knights challenge?

King Arthur

What was the game that the Green Knight proposed?

the beheading game

Why did the Green Knight come to Camelot?

To challenge the chivalry of Arthurs knights

How do we know that the Green Knight came in peace?

He has a holly branch in one hand which symbolizes peace

Setting of Sir Gawain

Christmas in Camelot

after Beowulf appoints Wiglaf king, what is Beowulf's last dying request? (i.e., what does he want to look at before he dies?) What does he ask be done with his body when it comes to burial

He wants to look at the treasure; he wants to be buried with his treasure

Who is the one warrior that remains loyal to Beowulf when the other thegns run away

Wiglaf

According to the summary of excerpted material, how long does Beowulf rule as king over the Geats?

50 years

What happens when Beowulf uses the first borrowed sword to strike the Troll-Wife (Grendel's Mother)? Where does he find a second weapon? According to the text, who made this weapon?When Beowulf retells his battle to Hrothgar, he lets us know what happened to the sword after it penetrated the female monster's skin. Although the hilt and handle and cross guard survive, what happens to the blade itself after fatally stabbing the monster

It breaks; He finds another weapon made by the Giants in her armory; it melts in her blood

How long does the text say it took Beowulf to reach the bottom of the lake?

nearly a day

Who loans Beowulf a sword initially to go fight Grendel's mother?

Unferth

What unusual supernatural features does the lake have? How do deer react when they are chased by hunters to the edge of the lake? How is that symbolic, given the name of King Hrothgar's hall

The surface is on fire; deer would rather die than enter the lake; Hrothgar’s hall is happy and lively whereas Grendel’s home is dark and scary

Where does Grendel’s mother live?

at the bottom of a lake

Grendel's mother kills whom in retaliation for her son's death?

Aeschere

Who comes to avenge Grendel's death?

Grendels mother

What decoration or trophy does Beowulf stick on a spike over the entry-way to Heorot

Grendels arm

How does Grendel die?

by drowning himself

What does Beowulf do to Grendel that mortally wounds the monster?

Rips off his arm

What is Unferth's reaction to Beowulf showing up to save the day? How does he challenge Beowulf?

Unferth is jealous; They have a swimming competition

Give one example of a beot that Beowulf makes during the course of the story

When Beowulf says that he will fight Grendel without weapons or armor

when Beowulf fights Grendel, what special weapon does he use to dispatch the monster?

his hands

What king does Beowulf serve? Why does Beowulf leave this king to help out Hrothgar? What qualification or achievements does Beowulf have that make him suitable for fighting Grendel?

Hygelac; Beowulf hears of Grendel’s attacks and wants to help; Beowulf is a strong, noble knight and has defeated many enemies

What is the one thing in the mead-hall Grendel is unable to touch or ruin?

Hrothgars throne

How long does Grendel haunt Heorot until Beowulf comes to help the Danes?

12 Years

How many warriors does Grendel eat on the first night he attacks Heorot?

30

According to the story, from what famous person does Grendel trace his monstrous lineage?

Cain

what does the bard sing about inside the hall early in the narrative? Why does this anger Grendel?

Ancient beginnings; Grendel does not like that they are happy

what typical activities do the people engage in at this place Hrothgar makes

Parties and dinners

What project does Hrothgar order undertaken to ensure his fame?

Heorot the mead hall

Setting, point of view, and imagery Beowulf

Geatland/Denmark; third person omniscient; describing the fights/the settings

Themes in Beowulf

Revenge, loyalty, pride, heroic, courage, and reputation

Source of Beowulf

Nowell Codex

What English is Beowulf

Old English

Date and place of composition Beowulf

8th and 10th centuries in England

Type of work, format, and structure Beowulf

old English heroic poem/ alliterative verse

Characters in Beowulf

Beowulf, Hrothgar, Grendel, Grendel’s mother, Wiglaf, Ecgtheow

defeated Harold at the Battle of Hastings, where Harold was killed by an arrow in the eye

William the Conqueror

defined value placed on every man graded according to rank

Wergild

the series of dynastic civil wars whose violence and civil strife preceded the strong government of the Tudors

Wars of the Roses

Three Medieval Estates

clergy, nobility, commoners

type of humorous criticism that exposes or mocks the flaws in society and human nature

Social Satire

sequences of performances, sometimes referred to as ‘cycle plays’ because they make up a cycle of 48 surviving short playlets.

Mystery Play Cycle

a kind of drama with personified abstract qualities as the main characters and presenting a lesson about good conduct and character, popular in the 15th and early 16th centuries

Morality Play

a short poem, often with songlike qualities, that expresses the speaker’s personal emotions and feelings

Lyric Poetry

medieval French literature, a short romance, usually written in octosyllabic verse, that dealt with subjects thought to be of Celtic origin

Lays or Lais

figure of speech in which two words are combined in order to form a poetic expression that refers to a person or a thing

Kenning

a 12th-century cleric and historian who wrote the History of the Kings of Britain

Geoffrey of Monmouth

used to denote a section of a long narrative poem

Fitts

a poem or song expressing sorrow or lamentation for one who is dead, or something resembling such a poem or song

Elegy

intended to teach something, particularly in having moral instruction as a motive

Didactic

a name given to a part of Great Britain, now northern and eastern England, in which the laws of the "Danes" held predominance over those of the Anglo-Saxons

Danelaw

highly conventionalized code that prescribed the behavior of women of the nobility and their lovers during the later Middle Ages

Courtly love

in ancient Republican Rome, an elite company of one of the army commanders

comitatus

the first English printer, who, as a translator and publisher, exerted an important influence on English literature

william caxton

story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning

allegory

early verse of the Germanic languages that uses alliteration as the main device to structure and unify lines of poetry.

alliterative verse

a collection of annals in Old English, chronicling the history of the Anglo-Saxons.

anglo-saxon chronicle

king Harold II of England is defeated by the Norman forces of William the Conqueror at the Battle of Hastings

battle of hastings

What is the first step in the Epic hero cycle?

Superpowers or abilities

What is the second step in the Epic hero cycle?

Charged with a quest

What is the third step in the Epic hero cycle?

The character is tested

What is the fourth step in the Epic hero cycle?

Aided by a companion

What is the fifth step in the Epic hero cycle?

Goes somewhere a normal human cannot

What is the sixth step in the Epic hero cycle?

Low point

What is the seventh step in the Epic hero cycle?

Resurrection

What is the eighth step in the Epic hero cycle?

Restitution