abeka biology 10 section 4.4

uh i think theres like a couple of unnecessary things in here...feel free to skip them

vegetative reproduction

formation of a new plant from a stem, leaf, or root

asexual reproduction

no union of sex cells

vegetative reproduction

process of deliberately using vegetative reproduction to start a new plant

cutting

a piece of a stem or root that can grow into a new plant

forsythia

yellow flowering shrub

identical

**fill in the blank**

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the new plant will be _________ to the plant from which the *cutting* was taken

adventitious roots

roots that grow from an unexpected region of the plant, such as from a stem or leaf

layering

takes advantage of the fact that certain plants will sprout adventitious roots, and it provides the same advantages as the use of cuttings

grafting

the process of transplanting living tissue from one plant to another

scion

a branch that is to be grafted onto a stem growing on another tree

stock

tree that receives the new stem

grafting

**fill in the blank**

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____________ is used to propagate seedless plants such as seedless grapes and seedless navel oranges

budding

kind of grafting in which the scion is a bud

tropism

response in which an organism turns either toward or away from a stimulus

phototropisms

occurs because the plant senses the window as a source of light and grows toward the light

geotropism

plants that resound from gravity

chemotropism

growing toward chemicals

hydrotropism

growing toward water

thigmotropism

growing toward touch

hormones

internally produced chemical messengers

auxins

the first plant hormones to be discovered; growth hormones secreted by the tips of shoots

cytokinins

second group of plant hormones

gibberellins

growth hormones that help to regulate normal plant growth

abscisic acid

hormone that signals plant tissues to remain dormant; also called ABA

ethylene

simplest of the main plant hormones

tissue culturing

method of vegetative propagation in which seedlings are produced from individual plant cells grown in the laboratory

bulb

made up of a special stem and leaves designed to store food

onion

example of a bulb

corms

swollen stem that stores food underground; distinguished from a bulb by a thicker stem and thinner leaves

* gladiolus
* crocus

**two answer fill in the blank**

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The *__________* and *_______* plants possess corms

rhizomes

thick stems that grow horizontally under the ground providing food storage and a means of vegetative reproduction

rhizomes

ginger is an example of what?

iris

a plant that depends on rhizomes

stolon

special stem that grows quickly along the surface of the ground (runners)

stolons

strawberries and centipede grass are examples of what?

tendrils

special leaf or stem that has the unique function of holding a plant up-right by coiling around some support structure

tendrils

grapes and boston ivy are examples of what?

tubers

bud-containing special stem that grows underground to store food

tubers

potatoes are an example of what?

thorns

long, sharp special stems that provide protection to a plant

thorns

honey locust trees and roses are an example of what?