physicspresent24.1

Lodestones

Natural magnetic rocks used by sailors as compasses.

Poles of Magnets

Magnets have two opposite ends: the north pole and the south pole, which represent the magnetic direction.

Monopole

An object that has only one magnetic pole, either a north or a south pole; however, monopoles have never been found.

Magnetization by Induction

it’s the process used to make a temporary magnet.

Ferromagnetic Materials

Materials, such as iron(Fe), nickel(Ni), and cobalt(Co), that can become permanent or temporary magnets./ can be attracted to magnet.

how to make a temporary magnet

-u need an object with ferromagnetic material so it can be attracted to the magnet

• the object will be polarized n so it will become a temporary magnet n if u unattached the magnet , the obj will lose their magnetism.

• example: iron clip, attach a magnet to it, it will be polarized so its a temporary magnet. —> unattached the magnet n it will go back to being a normal magnet.

domain

magnetic fields of the electrons in a group of neighboring atoms whose poles are aligned→point in the same direction

Magnetic Domains

Groups of atoms whose magnetic fields are aligned in the same direction, collectively acting like tiny magnets.

Electromagnet

A magnet created by an electric current flowing through a coil of wire.

Right-Hand Rule

A method for determining the direction of the magnetic field generated by current flowing through a wire.

Magnetic Flux

The quantity that represents the total magnetic field passing through a given area.

Strength of Magnetic Field

The strength is inversely proportional to the distance from the source wire, meaning it gets weaker as you move away.

Temporary Magnet

An object that gains magnetism when exposed to a magnetic field and loses it when the field is removed.

Permanent Magnet

A magnet that retains its magnetic properties without an external magnetic field.

Electromagnetism

The interaction between electricity and magnetism, exemplified by Oersted's experiment with current and a compass.

Solenoid

A coil of wire wound into a cylindrical shape that produces a magnetic field when an electric current passes through.

Magnetic Field Lines

Imaginary lines used to represent the strength and direction of a magnetic field.

Compass

A small magnet mounted to rotate freely, it aligns with Earth's magnetic field to indicate direction.

Earth’s Magnetic Field

The magnetic field surrounding Earth, which causes compasses to point toward the geographic North.

Electromagnets in Computers

Devices using solenoids to read and write data on disks coated with ferromagnetic material in hard drives.

Magma and Earth's Magnetism

Molten rock cools to form new rocks, aligning iron-containing domains with Earth’s magnetic field, preserving its history.

Heating Effects on Magnets

Excessive heat can disrupt the alignment of magnetic domains in a permanent magnet, causing loss of magnetism.