HIV/AIDS Flashcards

Flashcards with vocabulary related to HIV/AIDS and its related conditions.

HIV

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

AIDS

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

HIV

Attacks the immune system, specifically CD4 cells

Immunodeficiency

Weakening of the immune system due to HIV, making it susceptible to infections

HIV Testing

Testing of all persons at risk to know their status

HIV Follow Up

Monitoring CD4 cell count and viral load

Opportunistic infections

Infections that occur more frequently or are more severe in individuals with weakened immune systems.

Neoplasms

Tumors caused by oncogenic viruses like EBV and HHV8

Treatment side effects

Side effects of antiretroviral medications

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS)

Improvement or worsening of pre-existing conditions due to the recovery of the immune system upon initiation of ART

Acute retroviral syndrome

Occurs 3-6 weeks after HIV infection

Lymph nodes and spleen

Site of HIV replication and cell destruction

AIDS

Final phase of HIV infection with breakdown of host defenses

AIDS Associated Infections

Infections as for HIV-negative population, but may be unusual sites, presentation and severity; also reactivation of latent infections

Human papillomavirus

Viral infection; Condylomata

EBV

Viral infection; Hairy leukoplakia

PML

Viral infection; Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

Tuberculosis

Bacterial infection; AIDS epidemic increased incidence of TB dramatically

Pneumocystis jirovecii

Fungal infection; pneumonia in 15-30% of untreated patients

Kaposi Sarcoma

Common cutaneous manifestation of HIV- Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)

Neoplasia in HIV/AIDS

Lymphomas (10x more than general population)

Lymphoma

Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (usually B cell)

CNS involvement

HIV infection of microglia and immune response in the brain

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Paradoxical worsening of symptoms on initiation of ART

Toxoplasma Gondii

Focal brain lesion in AIDS

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)

Viral encephalitis caused by the JC virus

Cerebrovascular Accidents (CVA)

Increased incidence of strokes, especially in young patients

Ocular Involvement

Chorioretinitis due to CMV, Toxoplasmosis and lymphoma

Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonia (LIP)

Non-productive cough, fever & dyspnoea; May also have parotidomegaly & digital clubbing

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Paradoxical clinical deterioration during recovery of the immune system