7-2 Modeling Phase Changes

a phase change is when there is ….

transformation between states of matter

during a phase change, energy is spent to ___ instead of ____

break intermolecular forces, increasing particle kinetic energy

vaporization is…

liquid to gas

condensation is…

gas to liquid

sublimation is…

solid to gas

deposition is …

gas to solid

as liquid is heated, particles in liquid gain ____ and ______ energy

vibrational, rotational

when enough energy while heating liquid is gained….

IMFs break

stronger IMFs mean there are…

higher boiling and melting points

are liquids always evaporating?

yes

more kinetic energy =….

more molecules evaporating

temperature is a measure of….

average kinetic energy

boiling happens when….

vapor pressure = atmospheric pressure

all substances boil at a vapor pressure of… (at STP)

101.3 kPa

does NaCl or CsCl have higher melting/boiling point? not imf strength

NaCl

does Al2O3 or NaCl have higher melting/boiling point?

Al2O3

what is one important condition for sublimation to occur at STP?

very weak IMFs

sublimations occurs in solids with _____ that _______

vapor pressures, exceed atmospheric pressure

1 corresponds to…

A

2 corresponds to…

B

3 corresponds to…

C

what is a critical point?

when liquid and gas coexists