Studied by 16 people
Scarab/Dung Beetle
symbol of rebirth in Ancient Egypt; “life emerging from the waste”
Importance of sun
sun = life
Ra
God of sun & light; creator god; considered King of Gods in Old Kingdom
Amun
God of air; name means “the hidden”; Considered King of Gods in Middle Kingdom
Amun-Ra
Amun and Ra combined into one; all powerful god of sun and universe
Syncretism
Blending of two or more religious beliefs or deities
Myth of Osiris
Egyptian myth that reinforces Egyptian concept of life, death & rebirth
Eye of Horus
symbol of healing & protection
Set
god of chaos; human qualities
dualism
two sides; sense of balance
Hieroglyphics
sacred carvings used for royals
Papyrus
paper-like substance made out of papyrus plant
The Rosetta Stone
an inscribed stone with three languages that helped decipher the Ancient Egyptian language
Pharoah
Great house; ruler of Egypt
Dynasty
right to rule passed through family
Mastaba
the first Egyptian tomb built for pharoahs
step pyramid
second phase of pyramids where its built like cakes
full pyramids
final pyramids which we recognize today
mummification
the preservation of a dead body
Hyksos
nomadic tribe from Asia that ruled Egypt for 100 years
chariots
brought to Egypt by Hyksos
Egyptian Empire
Egypt conquering other nations
Kingdom/Monarchy
ruled by king/queen
Empire
conquered others
Imperialism
empire-building
city state
a town or city and the surrounding land
cuneiform
wedge shaped writing
ziggurats
temples of layers
polytheism
belief in multiple gods
Hammurabi
leader of Babylon
Code of Hammurabi
complex harsh system of laws
Ashurbanipal
leader of Assyria; known for great library at Nineveh
Assyrian accomplishments
among first to use calvary; destroyed Babylon
The Epic of Gilgamesh
Mesopotamian story focused on topic of immortality
Urban Society
Living together in communities; preserving physical legacy ; building structures for different purposes
Religion
System of beliefs; answers to unanswerable questions
Literacy
Ability to read, write, and communicate
Government
organize and regulate human activity; laws to regulate life
Specialization
use of unique skills to benefit all; sign that a civilization has gone to the “next level” of advancements
Social Classes
Groups of people with common characteristics
Tool-making
Ability to problem-solve
Technology
application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes
Concept of time
Ability to understand patterns and use them to your ability
Trade
Exchange of networks
Agriculture
Ability to grow food and create a surplus; irrigation and domestication
What is the name of the main mountain pass in the mountain ranges above India?
Khyber pass
Himalayas; Hindu Kush; Karakoram
mountain ranges in India
South
Deccan
Indo-Gangetic Plain
the Harappan Civilization ruins are found in the ______
weather; main source of water; defense against attacks
Effects of mountain passes in early India
monsoon
seasonal wind
Comes from South
monsoon in June-October
120 degrees
Temperatures in India can reach up to
The Ganges
river in India which gets the most rain
Agriculture & Concept of Time
signs of civilization shown by effects of monsoons
Loess
Gives the Huang He its color
Chang Jiang
another name for Yangtze River
Rice
main crop in Early China
Zhong Guo
name for China in early china; China is above all
China Proper
The most cities and greatest population, coastal, valleys, isolated
Very little
How much is known of the Indus Valley Civilization?
Grid patterned streets; baths; citadels
examples of urban society in early India
seals & pictographs
found related to literacy/language in early India?
city-states
government of early India
toys
important evidence of artisans in early India
we don’t know
What happened to the Harappan Civilization?
well
In the early Indian civilization, each house had their own ____
Indo-Aryans
he name of the nomadic group that took over the Indus valley
The Vedic Age
the name of the age the Indo-Aryans brought
Sanskrit
language of Indo-Aryans
Monism
Belief based in "one-ness"
Vishnu
“Preserver”; maintains Naga the monster snake
Brahma
“Creator” in Hindusim
Shiva
“The Destroyer” in Hinduism
Upanishads
the Vedanta writing that was extremely hard for the average person to understand
The cycle of life, death, and rebirth
the Hindu gods represent
Kshatriyas
the warrior caste in the Indian caste system
Samsara
the cycle of reincarnation
Feng Shui
a system of laws to allow the flow of Qi
Siddhartha Gautama
Buddha’s birth name
Nirvana
Enlightenment on Earth
The cause of suffering is desire
2nd Noble Truth
Eightfold Path
follow the _______
Right speech; right effort; right mindfulness
part of the Eightfold path
journey; destination
“Happiness is the __ not the _”
Actions on Earth determine the progress of the soul
similarity between Hinduism and Buddhism
Different writings; different gods; acceptance of caste system
differences between Hinduism and Buddhism
Shang & Zhou
first Chinese dynasties
Dragon
worshipped animal in early Chinese religion
Ceramics; chariots; bronze
evidence of tool making in ancient China
ancestor worship
The ancient Chinese practiced ______
silk
_______ was the start to the economic growth from trade in China
Zhou
the longest ruling Chinese dynasty
virtue
The right to rule is based on the ruler's _____
the fall of the Zhou
The era of the "Warring States" led to:
Qi
the life force that flows through everything and maintains balance
wind-water
What does Feng Shui mean?
yin
cold; passive; night; female; moon
yang
active; hot; day; male; son
Upanishads
set of writing made by Vedanta
Note 
Flashcard (41)