US History Quiz 2

Muckrakers

Investigative journalists who exposed corruption and social problems in business, politics, and society during the early 1900s

Lincoln Steffens

A muckraker who wrote about corruption in city governments in his book The Shame of Cities. He showed dishonesty in businesses.

Ida Tarbell

A journalist who exposed unfair business practices of Standard Oil. Her work led to stronger laws against monopolies.

Jacob Riis

Used photography to show terrible living conditions in city slums and tenements. Some photos were real, some were staged, but still contributed to the reforms surrounding housing.

Uptown Sinclair

Author of the Jungle, which exposed unsafe and disgusting conditions in meatpacking. This led to food safety laws.

Scientific management

Method created by Fredrick Winslow Taylor to improve workplace efficiency by studying tasks and finding the “one best way” to do them. It increased productivity but often made work repetitive and stressful.

Socialist Party

A political party that supported public ownership of major industries and promotes reform such as workers rights and women’s suffrage.

Industrial Workers of the World

A labor union (Wobblies) that aimed to unite all workers, skilled and unskilled, to fight for better wages and conditions.

Pragmatism

A philosophy that says ideas should be judged by how ell they work in real life. Progressives used this to support practical solutions to problems.

Jane Addam’s and Hull House

Jane Addams founded Hull House in Chicago to help immigrants and the poor by providing education, childcare, and social services.

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire

Deadly fire that killed hundred of young women in a factory. The boss had locked the women in the building to ensure they continued to work, which led to them jumping off the highest level of the building to avoid the fire. This led to new workplace safety laws.

Anthracite Coal Miner’s Strike

Coal miners went on strike for better pay and conditions. Roosevelt stepped in and helped settle it, showing the government could support workers.

Trust busting

The government breaking up large monopolies (Standard Oil, Northern Securities)

The Election 1912

Split between Roosevelt (Progressive party), Taft (Republican), and Wilson (Democrat)

The New Freedom

Woodrow Wilson’s program emphasizing antitrust action, banking reform, and tariff reduction

The Progressive Party

Formed by Roosevelt in 1912; advocated for social and political reform

Carrie Chapman Catt

Leader of the women’s suffrage movement; emphasized a state-by-state strategy for winning the vote

NAWSA

National American Women Suffrage Association; organization led by Catt that coordinated lobbying and campaigns for women’s voting rights

Alice Paul

Militant suffragist who pushed for a national constitutional amendment; organized protests and hunger strikes

National Women’s Party

Founded by Alice Paul; focused on a federal amendment for women’s suffrage and used direct- action tactics