Unit 2 Healthcare Systems flashcards

What events have led to changes in healthcare?

war, pandemics, new tech, changing demographics

What are some new health related changes

new drugs, new treatments, new diseases

why must healthcare workers be aware of changes?

to remain confident and provide safe ethical care

What are some current trends in health care?

cost containment, home healthcare, technology influence, social shifts

What is cost containment?

controlling rising healthcare costs while achieving maximum benefit for every dollar spent

When was the Affordable Care Act passed?

2010

What are the 4 parts of the Affordable Care Act?

everyone must be insured, everyone has to play, govt will subsidize those who can’t afford, fairer rules (insurance companies can’t deny sick)

What are 4 technological advances that add to healthcare?

Organ transplants, artificial hearts, computers for examining internal body parts, advanced tech prolongs life but increases need for lifelong care

What is the goal of the Affordable Care Act?

get more people covered by insurance and cut down cost of medicine

How does an aging population increase health care cost?

More older people to take care of, more money spent on using healthcare to take care of old people

What are health related lawsuits?

expensive malpractice insurance and defensive medicine

What is defensive medicine?

ordering unecessary tests to avoid lawsuits

what are the consequences of high cost?

limiting service to those who can pay and denying access to those who can’t

What is a Diagnostic Related Group?

Congressional attempt to control Medicare costs

What are Hospital-Acquired Conditions?

When you get more sick after leaving the hospital

What is Medicare?

Federal program to care for elderly

What is Fee-for-service/

payment for service or treatment rendered

What is value-based care?

bundled payments for each diagnosis/treatment type

What are HMOs and PPOs?

HMO- health maintenance organization (primary care doctor = gatekeeper)

PPO- Preferred Provider Opinion (pay less if doctor is preferred or in network)

What is the combination of services?

Agencies combine services to avoid duplications

What are outpatient services?

Receiving care without hospital admission and reduced hospital stay lengths lower cost

What is mass/bulk purchasing?

Buying in large quantities at reduced cost

What are early intervention/preventive services?

Preventing illness is more cost-effective than treating it

What is energy conservation?

Monitor and reduce energy use like electricity and water

What is the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality?

Established in 1990, it improved quality, accessibility, equity and affordability of care

What is the Healthcare workers role?

maintain quality while minimizing waste

What is the Healthcare consumers’ role?

take responsibility, know options, prevent illness

What is home health care?

It’s a rapidly growing field which is cheaper than hospital care with all aspects of healthcare involved like therapy, social services, and nursing care

What are the advantages of home health care?

1. Lower cost than hospital stays

2. Familiar environment for patient

3. Promotes independence and recovery

What is the definition of geriatric care?

care for the elderly

What is the goal of geriatric care?

Help care for aging population and help them not suffer and live longer

What two factors contribute to the growth of geriatric care?

Longer life expectancy and “baby boom” generation aging

What are four example of geriatric care facilities or services?

adult day care centers, retirement communities, assisted living facilities, long-term care facilities

What is telemedicine?

Virtual doctor appointments

What are two methods of telemedicine?

interactive video conferencing and transmission of medical images

What are the benefits of telemedicine?

increased access to care for rural areas and underserved areas, decreased need for travel, quicker specialist consultations

what are three applications of telemedicine?

remote monitoring of chronic conditions, follow-up appointments, emergency services support

Define Wellness

Relationship between physical, mental, and social well-being

What are five different types of wellness?

physical, emotional, social, spiritual, mental/intellectual

What is the definition of Complementary and Alternative methods of health care?

healthcare outside of regular medicine

What are six examples of CAM therapies?

ayurvedic, chinese medicine, chiropractors, homeopaths, hypnotherapists, naturopaths

What is Pandemic preparedness?

How to prepare for a pandemic

What are two historical examples of pandemics?

1918 influenza, Covid-19

What is biotechnology?

Use of genetic and biochemical processes to develop products and technologies and healthcare

What are the potential benefits of biotechnology?

More effective treatments, personalized medicine tailored to genetic profiles

What are the four different types of Hospitals?

General, specialized, govt, university

What are long term care facilities?

Facilities that serve elderly people or people with chronic illnesses or disabilities

What are the different types of long term care facilities?

Nursing homes, Assisted living centers, Independent care facilities

What services are offered at long term care facilities?

Personal care, Meals, basic medical support, social support

What are medical offices

Where you go for checkups or smaller treatments but not emergencies

What is concierge medicine?

Offers personalized care for a monthly or yearly fee

What are dental offices?

Places for oral care

What are clinics?

Mini hospitals that are accessible and scattered throughout cities

What do clinics include?

Surgical clinics, urgent care centers, rehab clinics, specialty car e centers

What are optical centers?

provide eye exams and eye prescriptions

What are emergency care services?

Offer immediate care for accidents or chronic illnesses

What do emergency care services include?

ambulance services, ER departments, Helicopter transport, urgent care clinics

What are laboratories?

Perform diagnostic tests, or dental labs make dental crowns and devices

What is a hospice?

Care for people making them comfortable as they have a short time left (under 6 months)

What are mental health facilties

Places to care and help control people with mental disabilities or problems (substance abuse)

What are genetic counseling services?

DNA advisers who help people adapt to genetic conditions and give screening

What are rehabilitation centers?

Help patients recover after illness or inury

What do rehabilitation centers include?

Physical, occupational, speech, and recreational therapy

What do HMOs emphasize?

Preventive care

What are industrial health centers?

Health centers located in large workplaces

What do industrial health centers provide?

basic medical care, health screenings, emergency care, safety education

What are school health services?

school nurses that help you in school emergencies

What is the World Health Organization?

A international disease monitoring and global health info govt agency

What is the US Department of Health and Human services?

Oversees national health programs

What is the NIH?

Supports medical research

What is the CDC?

Prevents and controls disease outbreaks

What is the FDA?

regulates food, drug, and medical services

What is the AHRQ?

improves health care quality and efficiency

What is OSHA?

enforces workplace and safety standards

What is the ONC?

Promores secure electronic health records

What are state and local health departments?

provide immunizations, inspections, and education

What is a voluntary and non profit agency?

Funded through donation fundraisers and grants, they offer public education, supports services, and research funding