Microbiology lab review

The ability of certain metals to inhibit growth of bacteria.

The ability of certain metals to inhibit growth of bacteria.

 

oligodynamic properties

A device that uses steam and pressure to sterilize glassware and equipment

autoclave

What shape is the death curve of a bacterial culture in decline?

J

What is the term for disinfecting and removing harmful microbes from living tissue?

aseptic or asepsis

What kind of radiations can be used best for microbial control?

X-rays and UV rays

Media made from digests of microbial, animal or plant products?

Complex media

The technique used to sterilize loops before and after you transfer microbes to a tube or plate?

aseptic technique

The time required for one cell to divide into two cells?

generation time

The phase of growth when population doubles at regular intervals?

exponential phase

Organisms that need to grow at high osmotic pressures?

halophiles

Organisms that require oxygen but in small amounts-

microaerophiles

What kind of chemical can destroy all microbes including endospores?

sterilants

What is the final electron acceptor in cell respiration?

oxygen

Why do anareobic organisms grow more slowly?

no oxygen, no Krebs cycle, no ETC

What chemicals are two possible results from anaerobic respiration?

lactic acid, ethanol

What is a possible metabolic result from photosynthetic organisms that don’t use light?

hydrogen sulfide and methane

What is the main metabolic result of glycolisis?

pyruvic acid

Which theory proposed by Dr. Lynn Margulis, argues that some organelles, like Mitochondria and Chloroplasts, used to be free-living prokaryotes?

endosymbiotic theory

What is the major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

prokaryotes lack a nucleus, lack organelles, and are much smaller

Which organelle is found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes and what does it do?

ribosomes; make proteins

What possible layer protects the outside of a bacterial cells?

a sticky capsule, cell wall made of peptidoglycan, and a plasma membrane

In order to kill gram positive bacteria, you would need an antibiotic that does what?

makes holes in the cell wall

What units would you use to measure viruses?

nanometers

What units would you use to measure bacteria (prokaryotes)?

micrometers

What kind of microscope would you use to look at viruses?

electron microscope

What microscope would you use to look at bacteria (prokaryotes)?

light microscope with oil immersion

What is the correct order of steps for staining gram positive and gram negative bacteria?

crystal violet, mordant, alcohol wash, safranin

What are the major elements found in living things?

SPONCH

What is the property that gives water its special abilities?

hydrogen bonding

What are some of the unique abilities of water?

cohesion, surface tension, and less dense as a solid

Describe protein structure-

can be large molecules, made of CHON, and have 4 levels of structure

How many electrons do most elements want on their outer shell?

8

What is a saturated fat saturated with?

hydrogens

What is an isotope?

versions of the same element with different mass numbers

What is the opposite of dehydration synthesis?

hydrolysis

Why is carbon unique?

it makes 4 bonds, chains, and rings

Which of the following is not one of Koch’s 4 postulates?

living things are made of cells

What is a pathogen?

any organism that causes disease

Which of the following is not a part of Cell Theory?

each germ causes a specific disease

What is the Germ Theory of Disease?

it states that diseases are caused by microbes

What is the idea that life can only come from living things?

biogenesis

Which disease actually caused the world to unite and successfully eradicate it from the earth by 1980?

small pox

Which of the following is not a Domain?

Fungi

Which of the following is not a kingdom?

Mycobacteria

What is the system for naming organisms with two latin names called?

 

binomial nomenclature

Which Domain is most closely related to Eukarya?

Archaea

What is a branching diagram that show evolutionary relationships called?

 

phylogenetic tree

Gram-positive bacteria and further divided into...

 

low G+C and high G+C

Cyanobacteria are mostly...

 

photosynthetic

The largest group of bacteria are the...

 

Proteobacteria

Chlamydia is a(n)....

 

intracellular parasite

Methanogens are usually found in...

 

sewage

In fungal reproduction instead of male and female we say...

+ and -

 donor and recipient

A fungus with a symbiotic relationship to an algae is called a(n)....

 

lichen

The primary host of Plasmodium which causes malaria is the...

 

mosquito

Which of the following is not a protist disease?

Candida

The main body of a fungus is called the...

mycelium

Which is the deadliest animal in Africa?

 

anopheles mosquito

What cells does Plasmodium generally attack in the human body?

 

liver and red blood cells