the regulation of glycolysis (1)

Enzyme regulation

The process by which enzymes are activated or deactivated through various mechanisms.

Allosteric inhibition

A change in enzyme shape due to the binding of a compound, which reduces enzyme activity.

Hexokinase

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) in glycolysis.

Glucokinase

A hepatic isozyme of hexokinase that has a low glucose affinity and operates when glucose concentrations are high.

Rate limiting step

The slowest step in a series of reactions that determines the overall rate of the process.

Phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK-1)

The main regulatory enzyme in glycolysis that converts fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.

Citrate

A metabolic intermediate that inhibits PFK-1 activity, signaling sufficient energy resources.

Fructose-2,6 bisphosphate

An allosteric activator of PFK-1 that increases glycolysis rate, produced by PFK-2.

Glycogenesis

The process of converting glucose into glycogen for storage.

Pyruvate kinase

An enzyme that catalyzes the final step of glycolysis, converting phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate.

AMP

A nucleotide that activates PFK-1, promoting glycolysis when energy levels are low.

Covalent modifications

Changes to enzymes through the addition or removal of chemical groups, affecting their activity.