Cell Biology Quiz

What is transported across a membrane during osmosis?

Water (aka Solvent)

A substance moves by facilitated diffusion into a cell. What is required for its transport?

a. Both ATP and a protein channel.

b. Either a protein channel or a carrier protein.

c. A pump.

d. ATP only.

b. Either protein channel or a carrier protein.

Carbon dioxide is a small molecule that move through the phospholipid bilayer with its concentration gradient by:

Simple diffusion (low-to-high directly through a membrane or within a solution w/o ATP)

Active transport processes require what?

Cells to expend energy (ATP)

The Na+/K+ pump transports three sodium ions out of the cell for every two potassium ions moved into the cell. This is an example of.:

An anti-port pump (integral membrane protein transporting TWO diff ions/molecules across the cell membrane in OPPOSITE directions)

Simple diffusion requires what?

A concentration gradient

During osmosis, water moves across a selectively permeable membrane toward a solution with…

The HIGHEST solute concentration

Two types of active transport via vesicles are:

Endocytosis and exocytosis

Sodium ions are moving with their concentration grading with the use of a protein channel across a plasma membrane. Determine the type of membrane transport used to transport these sodium ions.

Facilitated diffusion

A process that requires energy to move a substance AGAINST its concentration gradient is called:

Active transport

A white blood cell engulfs a bacterium through a process called

Endocytosis

You can differentiate the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) from the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) due to the presence of ___ on the RER

Bound Ribosomes

Most of the cells DNA is located in its:

Nucleus

Where does protein synthesis occur?

Ribosomes

Muscle cells require an abundant amount of ATP to function. Therefore, muscle cells have numerous:

Mitochondria

What organelle degrades old, worn-out organelles and cell components?

Lysosome

Which of the following best describes secondary active transport?

a. Secondary active transport, involves the movement of a substance into a cell WITH its concentration gradient.

b. Secondary active transport occurs when one substance is COUPLED with the passive transport of a SECOND substance

c. Secondary active transport, involves the movement of water by OSMOSIS into a cell.

d. Secondary active transport involves the movement of a substance into a cell through a protein channel WITH its concentration gradient

b. Secondary Active transport occurs when one substance is COUPLED with the passive transport of a SECOND substance

Which of the following processes are functionally opposite to one another?

Endocytosis and exocytosis

Which organelle modifies, sources, and packages proteins and lipids for export from the cell?

Golgi Apparatus

Which of the following statements about a cytoskeleton is FALSE?

a. The cytoskeleton functions and movement.

b. The cytoskeleton supports the plasma and nuclear membranes.

c. The cytoskeleton synthesize proteins.

d. The cytoskeleton provides the characteristic shape and size to a cell.

c. The cytoskeleton synthesize proteins.

The movement of a solvent (usually water!) from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration is…

Osmosis

List the types of passive transport

Simple Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion

List types of active transport

Endocytosis (taking in; PHAGOCYTOSIS (solids) & PINOCYTOSIS (liquids/dissolved substances)

Exocytosis (expelling)

Not Listed in Quiz: Secondary Active Transport (coupled transport- moving other substances against their gradient with the primary transport)

• Symport (Both substances move in SAME direction)

• Antiport (Moved in OPPOSITE direction)

The location, structure and function of CILIA

• cells lining the reproductive tract (uterine tube)

• Move substances in a sweeping motion (one direction)

• Short hair-like extensions from the cell

The location, structure, and function of FLAGELLA

• sperm cells (spermatozoa)

• Move in a whip-like motion

• Single and long extension from the cell

The movement of solutes from a region of low concentration to high concentration is

Active transport

Plasma membrane does what?

Surrounds and protects the cell

Golgi apparatus

Packages proteins for export

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Detoxifies drugs, and other substances

Mitochondria

Synthesize the cells ATP (adenosine phosphate)

Nucleus

Contains deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Ribosome

Synthesize proteins

What is the basic functional unit of all living organisms?

Cells