GOPO FACTS 141-150

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Federal law that banned segregation in public places and prohibited employment discrimination based on race, sex, religion, or national origin.

"Letter from Birmingham Jail"

MLK Jr. text defending civil disobedience against unjust laws and urging white moderates to support nonviolent action for civil rights.

Gideon v. Wainwright

SCOTUS case ruling that the 6th Amendment requires states to provide an attorney to defendants who cannot afford one.

Entitlements

Federal programs (e.g., Social Security, Medicare) that require the government to provide benefits to all citizens who meet specific eligibility criteria.

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

1990 law prohibiting discrimination against individuals with disabilities in employment and public accommodations.

14th Amendment

Prevents states from denying "privileges or immunities," "due process," or "equal protection" to citizens; used to incorporate the Bill of Rights.

15th Amendment

Prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude (granted African-American men the vote).

19th Amendment

Constitutional amendment that guaranteed women the right to vote.

26th Amendment

Lowered the national voting age from 21 to 18.

Constituent

An individual voter living within the specific district or state represented by an elected official.