Aniline differentiation

Find out 1°/2°/3° Amine

Used chemical: Nitrous acid (HNO2) [NaNO2+HCl]

1° Amine:

CH3-NH2 + HNO2 → CH3-OH + N2 (g) + H2O

N2 gas→creates bubble and indicates that it’s 1° Amine

2° Amine:

(CH3)2-NH2 + HNO2 → H2O + (CH3)-N-N=O⬇

Nitraso Amine (yellow ppt)

3° Amine:

(CH3)-N + HNO2 → [(CH3)3NH]NO2

Quaterrary ammonium salt (soluble/colorless)