Art 101 Midterm (CSUF David Plouffe)

Role Of The Artist #1

Help see the world in new and inovative ways

Role Of The Artist #2

Record the world

Role Of The Artist #3

Give form to the immaterial

Role Of The Artist #4

Make things beautiful

Example Of Role #1 Of The Artist

The Gates By Christo and Jeanne-Claude

Example Of Role #2 Of The Artist

The Burning Of The Houses Of Parliament

Example Of Role #3 Of The Artist

Creation Of Adam By Michelangelo

Example Of Role #4 Of The Artist

Kimono, Japan, Edo Period, c. 1700

Representational Art

Art the resembles the real world (Easily Identifiable Objects)

Abstract Art

Art where we can identify the objects but don't appear natural (Abstraction Must Be Derived From Something)

Non-Objective Art

Art that makes no reference to the natural world (Ex. Jackson Pollock)

Black Square By Kasimir Malevich

Form

Deals with visual aspects of the work (Line, Shape, Color)

Manipulation of the formal elements and principles of design

*All Artworks Have Form

Content

Subject matter has a story

Implies subject matter has story, narrative, information

Idea that the artwork is seeking to communicate

*Not All Artwork Have Content

Iconography

Study the meaning of images (art historians look at an artwork and decide what is going on)

Positive Space

Anything that can be seen, felt, or touched in 3D works

Negative Space

Space between objects in 3D works (Empty Space)

Figure

The objects in a 2D work

Ground

The background in a 2D work

Pictorial Plane

Surface of the 2D work (Ex. Canvas & Paper)

Scale

Objects closer to us look larger than those far away

Overlapping

Objects closer to us cover/hide objects far away

Vertical Location/Placement

The higher the object is placed the farther away it is from us

Atmospheric Perspective

As forms move further back into the background their figures become less clear and start to take the color of the background

Amplified Perspective

Artist purposely reduces/distorts parts of an object but still convey what they are trying to (Foreshortening

Linear Perspective

The most convincing way of representing a 3D space on a 2D surface (Formulaic math equation invented by Filippo Brunelleschi)

Horizon Line

Where the sky and the land meet (Wall and floor meet)

Vanishing Point

A point that lives on the Horizon Line (In a linear perspective artwork it's where all the lines connect)

Frontal Recession

Straight in-front Vanishing Point

Diagonal Recession

Off to the side Vanishing Point

One Point Linear Perspective

One Vanishing Point

Two Point Linear Perspective

Two Vanishing Points

Multi Point Linear Perspective

Three or more Vanishing Points

Line

A point set in motion

Horizontal Lines

Can make us slow down/At rest

Vertical Lines

Have potential of movement/Can become movement

Diagonal Lines

Have action/ Show movement

Rectilinear Line

Straight lines and Man-made (Rarely found in nature)

Curvilinear Line

Curved, natural, flowing and organic lines (Commonly seen in nature)

Outline

Indicates the edges of a figure or object, stencil-like, and deals with 2D artworks tend to be bold and obvious

Contour Line

Indicates the edges of a figure or object concerned with establishing volume, and deals with 3D artworks

Implied (Psychic) Lines

No physical lines exist (invisible) "Understood" extremely powerful (line of sight, eye contact/gaze, pointing)

Expressive Line

Conveys the mood and feeling of the artist (Jackson Pollock)

Analytical Lines

Precise, controlled, based on mathematical principles, easily recreated

Classical Lines

Refers back to Greek and Roman art (Simple, Well Proportioned, Balanced, Symmetrical, Involves Ratios)

*Based On Beauty And Aesthetic)

Oath Of The Horatii

Helped spark the French Revolution (War of two cities resolved through a fight, The Horatii brothers vs other brothers from the other city, one of the Horatii sisters was married to one of the other brothers, only one person survived and that was one of the Horatii brothers, he ends up killing his sister because she was sad over her husband, whom was an enemy of the state, so in turn she betrayed the state which is why she was killed)

Color

The first thing we notice when we look at an artwork

Hue

When light is refracted through a prism it is broken down into a spectrum of colors

The Hues

Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Violet

Tint

Hue + White

Shade

Hue + Black

Additive Process

Deals with light

Subbtractive Process

Deals with paint/pigment

Primary Colors

Red, Yellow, Blue

Secondary Colors

Violet, Green, Orange

Intermediate/Tertiary Colors

Colors that are hyphenated, usually paired with a primary color (Ex. Blue-Violet)

Analogous Colors

Colors next to each other on the color wheel

Complimentary Color

Opposite colors on the color wheel

Triadic Colors

Colors on the color wheel that make a triangle and make us feel comfortable (Ex. Red, Yellow, Blue or Green, Orange, Violet)

Local Color

Color objects are associated with and are (Ex. Firetruck = Red)

Perceptual Color

The color an object is at a particular time, light is what makes color so color changes with light change (Did Painting En Plein - Air to achieve)

En Plein - Air

Translation: In the open air

Painting outside the studio

Invented in the late 1800's (Revolutionary then, common practice now)

Arbritrary Color

Artist decides what color to paint an object (Ex. Firetruck = Brown)

Pointillism (Divisionsm)

Painting with dots, not mixing colors but instead putting colors close to each other to "mix them"

Sunday On The Island Of La Grande Jatte By George Seurat

Example Of Pointillism

Value

The measurement of light and darkness

(Through changes of it we are able to perceive form)

Extremes: Black and White

Value Contrast

Helps create illusions in space

Tenebrism

Extreme contrast in value (Mainly in artworks with a single light source like a candle)

Chiaroscuro

Slow change is value

Pattern

Repeated design

Texture

The surface quality of an artwork

Actual Texture/Tactile

Texture that is felt

Impasto

Thickly applied paint (Ex. Vincent Van Gogh)

Visual Texture

Impression or suggestion of texture where none exist

Frottage

Rubbing from a textured surface to form the basis of an art (Ex. Max Ernst)

Tromp L'oeil

Visual deception (Illusions) objects rendered in incredible detail

Subversive Texture

Undermines our ideas about the object itself (Can attract and repel at the same time)

Kinetic Art

Art that moves (Begins in 1819)

Illusionary

Before Kinetic Art artist used illusionistic techniques to show movement

Abstract, Uses Illusionistic Techniques, In Armory Show, First Abstract Art Brought To America, Criticized Harshly By Americas, Part Of The Dada Movement

Descending A Staircase By Marcel Duchamp

Futurism (Technique)

Images overlapping to make movement

Chrono-Photograph

Photographs of movement over time

Blurred Figure

Cropped Figure

Part of a figure cut off

Optical Art (OP Art)

Short lived movement from the mid 1960's

Action Painting

Synonym given to many Abstract Expressionist painters of the 1940's & 1950's (Jackson Pollock considered the "father" of it)

Vincent Van Gogh

1853 - 1890

Painter

Post-Impressionist

Death By Suicide(questionable but right now facts)

Was a Baptist Preacher

Oldest sibling in his family

Had many diseases

Career lasted 10 years

Only sold one painting in his lifetime

Vincent Van Gogh's Most Expensive Painting

Doctor Gachet sold to Ryoei Saito

Theo

Vincent Van Gogh's brother

Only one to continue the family line

All brothers die early on but all sisters live to about 70

Financially supported Vincent Van Gogh

Dies 6 months after Vincent today buried next to each other

Vincent Van Gogh's Last Painting

Wheat Field With Crows

(Sent to his brother)

Potato Eaters By Vincent Van Gogh

Painted in 1885, one of the first paintings to depict the poor

Vincent Van Gogh Lived Before 1886

Amsterdam

Vincent Van Gogh Lived 1886 - 1890

Paris

His Life: Sleeping, Eating, Painting, Brothels

Vincent Van Gogh Lived 1888 - 1890

Arles

Where he spends the rest of his life

Paul Gauguin

Vincent Van Gogh's roommate

Died around 50 years old

Tells us about Vincent Van Gogh cutting his ear story

Post - Impressionist

Painted Tahiti

Scale & Proportion

Deal with dimensions of the art object (or the elements within the art object)

Rythm

Using the same element over and over again within the same composition

Unity With Variety

The agreement that exist between the elements in a design

Unity

Created by repeating similar aspects within the composition to create harmony

Variety

Deals with diversification without some elements of difference

(Image is lifeless & uninteresting)

Can occur throughout any of the formal elements, change in value, different textures