HESI A2 (Anatomy & Physiology) V1/V2

Skin Eruption

What is a characteristic of viral herpes

Vomer (in nose)

When a boxer gets hit & has a deviated septum?

Pharynx

Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory?

Arm, inability to abduct arms and fingers

A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have decreased sensation in?

Hyoid Bone

Which bone does not articulate with any other bone?

They secrete chemicals into the blood, growth, metabolism, sexual development and function

Which of the following statements best describes endocrine glands?

Calcium & Phosphorus

Diet is important because bone are storage places for?

Urethra

Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system and urinary system?

Bone to bone

Ligaments provide which connection?

Ureter

Which structure conducts urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder?

Lactic Acid

Anaerobic respiration can lead to a burning sensation cause by which molecule?

Osteoclasts (break down bone so it can release Ca+ into interstitial fluid)

As a part of the negative feedback system, which type of cell is stimulated to re-absorb bone matrix in response to a decrease in calcium in the blood?

Evaporation

Sweat on the skin's surface cools the body through which process?

Carrot and squash

When assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian and the nurse notes that she has a unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the client if she has eaten a large amount of?

Palms facing anterior

Which hand position describes an anatomical position of a person who is standing erect with feet forward?

Shoulder

Which structure is a ball & socket joint?

Skull & Ear

Which anatomical structure houses the malleus, incus & stapes?

Tissue

What are like cells grouped together called?

Popliteal

The pulse point located behind the knee is palpated over which artery?

Earwax

Ceruminous (aprocrine) glands secrete?

Hinge

What type of synovial joint is the elbow?

Cardiac output

What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated / increased?

Oral cavity

Where does digestion begin in the digestive system

Plasma Membrane

Which cell structure regulates the transport of substances in & out of a cell?

Thoracic cavity

The mediastinum is located within which cavity?

Involved with mood, anxiety, sleep, happiness, appetite

What is the effect of Serotonin, a neurotransmitter?

H2O is re-absorbed from urinary filtrate

What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in nephrons when antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted?

Blood clotting

What is the function of thrombocytes (platelets)?

Vastus Lateralis

Which muscle of the quad femoris group lies on the outer side surface of lower extremity?

Xiphoid Process

Which structure is located on the sternum

Head / Skull

The occipital region is located in which part of the body?

Hemoglobin

Which structure carries oxygen to the cells?

Pituitary Gland

Which gland is commonly known as the "Master Gland?"

Ligament

Aspirin occurs when there is a tear in which structures?

Eccrine gland (Merocrine / Sweat gland)

What epidermal derivative is involved in temperature homeostasis?

Osteoblasts (build up of bone), Epiphysial (end of bone), Diaphysis (shaft of bone)

Which statement are true about bone?

Eye (in front of eye, between the lens & cornea)

Aqueous humor is watery fluid in which part of the body?

Ear

The malleus, incus & stapes are located in which part of the body?

Foot

Dorsiflexion & Plantarflexion are types of joint movement that are associated with which part of the body

Pulmonary vein (Remember pulmonary is heart, veins take deoxygenated blood back to the heart, Arteries carry oxygen & nutrients away from the heart)

Within which vessel does blood return from the lungs?

Temporal Lobe

Which part of the brain is involved in auditory functioning

Cochlea

What internal structure of the ear is concerned with hearing?

Fallopian tubes (also called uterine tubes)

Fertilization of an ovum occurs in which anatomical structure?

Lower leg

Where is the tibialis anterior muscle located?

External ear and canals

An over production of cerumen (earwax) can accumulate in which area?

Left ventricle and left atrium

The mitral valve is located between which two structures?

Smell

The olfactory nerve is associated in which sense?

Vena cava

Vessel carries blood from the body to the heart?

Estrogen and Progesterone

Hormones produced by the ovaries?

Sagittal

Plane divides the body into left and right sides?

PNS & CNS (Peripheral & Central)

Two divisions that make up the nervous system?

Epiphysis

The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the distal region of the humerus. What are is he describing?

Medulla oblongata

Part of the brain that attaches to the spinal cord?

Abduction (AB = Away from)

Which term is used to describe movement of arms and legs away from the midline of the body?

Carotid artery

Structure that provides a pulse reading in the neck?

Oxytocin & ADH (Antidiuretic hormone) (ADH is also known as Vasopressin)

Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland?

Carry oxygen

What is the primary function of hemoglobin?

rise in CO2; Fall in o2

What stimulates chemoreceptors to function?

Nearsightedness (Think opposite, far is near, near is far)

Which condition causes a client to say, "I can't see far away?"

-packaging proteins for secretion and transports lipids around the cell

-synthesize carbs & glycoproteins

What is the function of golgi apparatus?

Pancreas

What organ produces insulin?

oviduct

Fertilization occurs in the?

Median cubital

When drawing blood from antecubital region, which blood vessel is used to obtain blood?

Testosterone & Estrogen

What hormone induces growth of public and axillary hair at puberty?

Alkalosis

Increase rate of breathing results in what blood pH change?

Regulates balance and thermoregulation

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

4

How many carbs per gram do carbs contain?

Osmosis

When water molecules move across the cell membrane from high to low concentration, this procress is called?

Body becomes more acidic

What is the result of carbon dioxide in the body?

Lumbar

What part of the body is the lower back?

Potassium

High levels of which ion would most likely result in a cardiac arrest?

Renal vein (this vein drains the kidney)

What blood vessels perfuses (goes through) the kidney?

Thyroid gland

What gland is located on the anterior surface of the trachea?

Macrophages and neutrophils

In white blood cells, what contributes to phagocytosis?

Retina

What structure of the eye picks out color?

Epidermis

What is the most protective layer of the skin?

Ear

The organ of corti is located in the?

Small intestine

Where in the body are nutrients absorbed?

Synthesize proteins

The Rough ER functions in the human cells to?

Protein

Tissue repair is enhanced by a diet high in?

Semi-fluid mass of partially digested food expelled by the stomach in the duodenum

What is the definition of chyme?

Chemical messengers

What are hormones?

Ovaries

What female reproductive organ produces occytes, estrogen, & progesterone?

Cilia

What cellular process helps to move debris and mucous through the lining of tubules?

Gall bladder

Which is a hollow organ?

Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius

Which muscle(s) is included in the quad femoris group?

Medulla oblongta

Which structure is resposible for normal respiratory function?

Low blood pressure, sickness, head hurting, vision problems

Client has large pituitary tumor what part of the body does this effect?

Red bone marrow

Which structures produce B-lymphocytes?

Blood pressure rises & goose bumps

What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulation is increased?

Dorsal

The buttocks are which surface of the body?

Thoracic

The esophagus is located in which body cavity?

External auditory canal & middle ear

The tympanic membrane is located between which structures?

28 days

How many days is the average menstrual cycle?

Thymus

Which structure produces T-lymphocytes?

Foot

Calcaneus is located in?

Expel waste

Urinary system in the human body primary task is to?

Corpus luteum

Which of the following produce progesterone to prepare the uterus for preganancy?

Friction ridges

What are finger prints made of?

Melanoma

ABCD of cancer?