Heat Transfer - Thermodynamics L4

Conduction

Form of heat transfer where heat energy is directly transferred between particles through particle collisions or direct contact.

Convection

The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid

Fluid

any substance that can flow and take the shape of the container that holds it

q

The variable used for Thermal Energy

Δ (Delta)

The greek letter used to indicate change

Latent Heat of Fusion (Lf)

The amount of thermal energy absorbed per gram as solid melts (fuses) at its melting point. The same amount of heat per gram must be released to freeze the substance.

Latent Heat of Vaporization (Lv)

The amount of thermal energy absorbed per gram as a liquid boils (vaporize) at its boiling point. The same amount of heat per gram must be released to condense the substance.

c

Heat capacity is the number of joules of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree. In physics, it is Cp; in chemistry it is c

Density

Mass per unit volume of a substance

Radiation

Energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles.

Solid

A state of matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume

Liquid

A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume.

Gas

A state of matter with no definite shape or volume

Boiling Point

The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas

Melting Point

the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid

Phase change

a change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition

Melt

change from a solid to a liquid

Freeze

Change from liquid to solid

Boil/Vaporize

the change from a liquid to a gas

Condense

The change from a gas to a liquid

Sublimate

change directly solid to gas, without becoming liquid

Deposition

change directly from a gas to a solid

Celcius

Metric temperature scale on which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees at sea level

Fahrenheit

A temperature scale with the freezing point of water 32 degrees and the boiling point of 212 degrees at sea level

Kelvin

the SI unit for temperature, abbreviated K; a temperature change of 1 Kelvin is the same as a temperature change of 1°C. Not based on the properties of water

absolute zero

The coldest temperature, 0 Kelvin, that can be reached. It is the hypothetical temperature at which all molecular motion stops.

heating curve of water

shows the temperature of water in its three states as heat is added to the system

cooling curve of water

shows the temperature of water in its three states as heat is removed to the system