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explain what is meant by electric current in metals
the movement of electrons
describe the structure of a metal
most electrons are fixed to their atoms + some electrons are free to move
metallic structure → lattice of positive ions surrounded by delocalised electrons
explain what is meant by electric current in electrolytes
the movement of ions
describe the structure of an electrolyte
a molten or aqueous ionic solution
describe the decomposition of an electrolyte
electrolyte → separates into positive and negative ions → which are attracted to the cathode and anode
define conventional current
the representation of electric current as travelling from the positive to the negative terminal
describe the relation between electric current in metals and conventional current
electric current in metals → travels from the negative to the positive terminal
opposite to the direction of conventional current
describe the relation between electric current in electrolytes and conventional current
electric current in electrolytes → can travel from the positive to the negative or from the negative to the positive terminal
either in the same direction or in the opposite direction of conventional current